Further Observations on Sporocarpon and Allied Genera

Davis, B. L.; Leisman, Gilbert A.

doi:10.2307/2482531

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…fossiles incertae sedis. This taxonomic organization has been consistently accepted to the present time (Baxter, 1960;Davis and Leisman, 1962;Tiffney and Barghoorn, 1974).…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

“…Fossil sporocarps were first reported from North America by Baxter (1960), who described Sporocarpon and Dubiocarpon from the Pennsylvanian of Kansas and Missouri. Shortly afterwards, Davis and Leisman (1962) described several species of Mycocarpon, Sporocarpon, and Dubiocarpon from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Kansas. These genera were not investigated further until Traquairia, a morphologically similar form, was described from several localities in the United States and Europe (Stubblefield and Taylor, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When Hutchinson (1955) revised the genus Sporocarpon he proposed the name Mycocarpon for spherical fungal sporocarps whose walls are composed of septate hyphae. Until Davis and Leisman (1962) found Mycocarpon in North America, only a single species, M. pachyderma, had been recognized. These authors proposed three additional species: M. ornatus, M. bimuratus, and M .flexus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies of Carboniferous Fungi. Ii. The Structure and Organization of Mycocarpon, Sporocarpon, Dubiocarpon, and Coleocarpon (Ascomycotina)

Stubblefield

Taylor

Miller

et al. 1983

American J of Botany

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The problematic organism, Sporocarpon, was among the first fossil fungi to be described. The genus was actually a heterogeneous assemblage of fungal forms, and was eventually divided into several taxa including Sporocarpon, Dubiocarpon, and Mycocarpon. In the present paper these organisms, as well as a similar, previously undescribed genus, Coleocarpon; are described from Lower, Middle, and Upper Pennsylvanian strata in North America, and from Upper Carboniferous sediments in England. Although initially considered to be radiolarian‐like protozoa, these structures show far more similarity to ascomycetous cleistothecia. All forms are ornamented, spherical bodies with a complex wall which encloses scattered asci and ascospores. Taxa are distinguished primarily by differences in the organization of the cleistothecial wall. Structurally similar organisms are found today among the Eurotiales.

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“…fossiles incertae sedis. This taxonomic organization has been consistently accepted to the present time (Baxter, 1960;Davis and Leisman, 1962;Tiffney and Barghoorn, 1974).…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies of Carboniferous Fungi. Ii. The Structure and Organization of Mycocarpon, Sporocarpon, Dubiocarpon, and Coleocarpon (Ascomycotina)

Stubblefield

Taylor

Miller

et al. 1983

American J of Botany

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“…Within Carboniferous coal balls and chert from Europe and North America are a variety of small (usually < 1 mm diam) spherical structures, including some that are ornamented, which have collectively been termed sporocarps (e.g., Spencer 1893, Hutchinson 1955, Baxter 1960, Davis & Leisman 1962, Stubblefield et al 1983). However, Krings et al (2011c) have recently argued that the collective use of the term sporocarp for these fossils may be inaccurate, and thus, if used, be put in quotation marks or inverted commas.…”

Section: Fossils Interpreted As or Compared To Zygomycetous Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil evidence of the zygomycetous fungi

Krings¹,

Taylor²,

Dotzler³

2013

Pers - Int Mycol J

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Molecular clock data indicate that the first zygomycetous fungi occurred on Earth during the Precambrian, however, fossil evidence of these organisms has been slow to accumulate. In this paper, the fossil record of the zygomycetous fungi is compiled, with a focus on structurally preserved Carboniferous and Triassic fossils interpreted as zygosporangium-gametangia complexes and resembling those of modern Endogonales. Enigmatic microfossils from the Precambrian to Cenozoic that have variously been interpreted as, or compared to, zygomycetous fungi are also discussed. Among these, the spherical structures collectively termed ‘sporocarps’ are especially interesting because of their complex investments and abundance in certain Carboniferous and Triassic rocks. Circumstantial evidence suggests that at least some ‘sporocarp’ types represent mantled zygosporangia. Zygomycetous fungi probably were an important element in terrestrial paleoecosystems at least by the Carboniferous.

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“…The sporocarps which we have found in Triassic sediments from Antarctica most closely resemble those ofM. jlexus (Davis and Leisman, 1962;Stubblefield et al, 1983); however, differences in sizeand age may ultimately warrant taxonomic distinction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 60%

Fossil Fungi (Endogonaceae) From the Triassic of Antarctica

Taylor

White²

1989

American J of Botany

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Fungal sporocarps are described from Triassic silicified peat deposits from Antarctica. Sporocarps possess a two‐layered wall and contain a single spore. The outer layer is mycelial; the inner layer, noncellular. The combination of primitive and advanced features suggests that this fungus is intermediate in complexity between the lower and evolutionarily more advanced fungi. The Antarctic fungus and morphologically similar fossils resemble extant members of the Endogonaceae, but appear to have been saprophytes rather than mycorrhizal symbionts.

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Further Observations on Sporocarpon and Allied Genera

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Studies of Carboniferous Fungi. Ii. The Structure and Organization of Mycocarpon, Sporocarpon, Dubiocarpon, and Coleocarpon (Ascomycotina)

Studies of Carboniferous Fungi. Ii. The Structure and Organization of Mycocarpon, Sporocarpon, Dubiocarpon, and Coleocarpon (Ascomycotina)

Fossil evidence of the zygomycetous fungi

Fossil Fungi (Endogonaceae) From the Triassic of Antarctica

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