Further Investigations on the Immunogenic Activity of Aqueous and Aluminum Oxide Adsorbed Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccines in Macaca Mulatta1

Drescher, J.; Grützner, Liselotte; Godglück, G

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120703

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Increased immunogenicity could also allow antigen dose sparing, thereby reducing its cost. Although IPV vaccines currently do not contain adjuvant, animal studies have shown the feasibility of using various adjuvants including MF59, calcium, aluminum hydroxide, vitamin D and TLR9-active cytosine-phosphodiester-guanosine (CpG)-motif containing oligonucleotides in IPV vaccines [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. However, most of these studies only evaluated adjuvants with the IPV in their monovalent form and not formulated as TIPV, limiting the interpretation of such results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advax-CpG Adjuvant Provides Antigen Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Immunogenicity for Inactivated Poliomyelitis Virus Vaccines

2021

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Global immunization campaigns have resulted in a major decline in the global incidence of polio cases, with wild-type poliovirus remaining endemic in only two countries. Live oral polio vaccine (OPV) played a role in the reduction in polio case numbers; however, the risk of OPV developing into circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus makes it unsuitable for eradication programs. Trivalent inactivated polio virus (TIPV) vaccines which contain formalin-inactivated antigens produced from virulent types 1, 2 and 3 reference polio strains grown in Vero monkey kidney cells have been advocated as a replacement for OPV; however, TIPVs have weak immunogenicity and multiple boosts are required before peak neutralizing titers are reached. This study examined whether the incorporation of the novel polysaccharide adjuvant, Advax-CpG, could boost the immunogenicity of two TIPV vaccines, (i) a commercially available polio vaccine (IPOL®, Sanofi Pasteur) and (ii) a new TIPV formulation developed by Statens Serum Institut (SSI). Mice were immunized intramuscularly based on recommended vaccine dosage schedules and serum antibody titers were followed for 12 months post-immunization. Advax-CpG significantly enhanced the long-term immunogenicity of both TIPV vaccines and had at least a 10-fold antigen dose-sparing effect. An exception was the poor ability of the SSI TIPV to induce serotype type 1 neutralizing antibodies. Immunization with monovalent IPVs suggested that the low type 1 response to TIPV may be due to antigen competition when the type 1 antigen was co-formulated with the type 2 and 3 antigens. This study provides valuable insights into the complexity of the formulation of multivalent polio vaccines and supports the further development of adjuvanted antigen-sparing TIPV vaccines in the fight to eradicate polio.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advax-CpG Adjuvant Provides Antigen Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Immunogenicity for Inactivated Poliomyelitis Virus Vaccines

2021

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“…Similar experiments assessing the adjuvanticity of aluminum oxide with trivalent IPV in rhesus monkeys were carried out in 1967 with similar results [17]. Adjuvanted vaccines yielded higher geometric mean titers and conferred superior protection after intramuscular challenge with live virus of each of the three serotypes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Adjuvants and inactivated polio vaccine: A systematic review

Hawken

Troy

2012

Vaccine

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Poliomyelitis is nearing universal eradication; in 2011, there were 650 cases reported globally. When wild polio is eradicated, global oral polio vaccine (OPV) cessation followed by universal use of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is believed to be the safest vaccination strategy as IPV does not mutate or run the risk of vaccine derived outbreaks that OPV does. However, IPV is significantly more expensive than OPV. One strategy to make IPV more affordable is to reduce the dose by adding adjuvants, compounds that augment the immune response to the vaccine. No adjuvants are currently utilized in stand-alone IPV; however, several have been explored over the past six decades. From aluminum, used in many licensed vaccines, to newer and more experimental adjuvants such as synthetic DNA, a diverse group of compounds has been assessed with varying strengths and weaknesses. This review summarizes the studies to date evaluating the efficacy and safety of adjuvants used with IPV.

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“…For example, aluminum oxide has been shown to concentrate viruses [57,58]. When used in ceramic form, it would probably not have this effect, but the possibility should be explored.…”

Section: Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioceramics and dentistry

Garrington

Lightbody

1972

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Metals and polymers have received considerable attention with respect to their potential use in human implantation. Serious study of the ceramics for this purpose has only recently begun. Materials for implantation in any body site must meet certain requirements. Each class of material has been found to have some highly desirable properties as well as some undesirable characteristics. Materials for use in dental implantation, particularly for the replacement of individual teeth, are subjected to environmental factors not generally existent in other implantation sites. Preliminary studies of the ceramics have suggested that, from the physiologic standpoint, they may be the best implantable substitute for hard tissues (bones and teeth) yet achieved. There are, however, many questions remaining to be answered concerning the selection of the most suitable material, its fabrication, and the reaction of tissues to it. These questions should serve to indicate future areas of exploration.

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Further Investigations on the Immunogenic Activity of Aqueous and Aluminum Oxide Adsorbed Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccines in Macaca Mulatta1

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Advax-CpG Adjuvant Provides Antigen Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Immunogenicity for Inactivated Poliomyelitis Virus Vaccines

Advax-CpG Adjuvant Provides Antigen Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Immunogenicity for Inactivated Poliomyelitis Virus Vaccines

Adjuvants and inactivated polio vaccine: A systematic review

Bioceramics and dentistry

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