Further evidence for the presence of meiotic pairing control genes in Alopecurus L. (Gramineae)

Murray, B. G.; Sieber, Vivien; Jackson, R. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00137460

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Until hybrids are made between species at different ploidy levels andan absence ofmultivalent formation is demonstrated in such hybrids, we cannot be completely sure whether these are auto-or aUopolyploids. Many recent studies have shown that bivalent-forming polyploids (i.e., allopolyploids), when crossed with diploid relatives will form high frequencies of multivalents, indicating that they are in fact autopolyploids with bivalent promoting or pairing control genes (Vida 1970; Thomas & Murray 1983;Murray et al 1984). Thus, some caution is needed at this stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome relationships and breeding barriers in New Zealand species ofRanunculus

Rendle

Murray

1989

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Chromosome numbers are reported for 24 species and five undescribed taxa of Ranunculus from New Zealand. Fourteen of these are new reports. The presence of diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid, and dodecaploid species was confirmed and a new 18-ploid race found. Some karyotype variation was found amongst the tetraploids and hexaploids and several species were karyotypically unique. At both these ploidy levels there was little evidence that the polyploids contained multiple sets of the same diploid genome. When this is taken with the observed variation in C-banding pattem and exclusive bivalent formation at meiotic metaphase it would appear that chromosome evolution has been via allopolyploidy. In section Ranunculus it was not possible to make hybrids between species of different ploidy levels but in section Epirotesploidy differences were not a barrier to hybridisation. The interspecific hybrids, with the exception of those above the hexaploid level, all had pollen fertilities of less than 30%. The cytological evidence and sterility barriers suggest that several of the undescribed taxa are good biological species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome relationships and breeding barriers in New Zealand species ofRanunculus

Rendle

Murray

1989

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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“…(Gupta and Fedak, 1985), or Alopecurus spp. (Murray et al, 1984). Several examples of chromosome associations in allo-and autopolyploids from the Poaceae family are shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Chromosome-pairing Regulators In Other Poaceae Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Pairing in Polyploid Grasses

et al. 2020

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Polyploids are species in which three or more sets of chromosomes coexist. Polyploidy frequently occurs in plants and plays a major role in their evolution. Based on their origin, polyploid species can be divided into two groups: autopolyploids and allopolyploids. The autopolyploids arise by multiplication of the chromosome sets from a single species, whereas allopolyploids emerge from the hybridization between distinct species followed or preceded by whole genome duplication, leading to the combination of divergent genomes. Having a polyploid constitution offers some fitness advantages, which could become evolutionarily successful. Nevertheless, polyploid species must develop mechanism(s) that control proper segregation of genetic material during meiosis, and hence, genome stability. Otherwise, the coexistence of more than two copies of the same or similar chromosome sets may lead to multivalent formation during the first meiotic division and subsequent production of aneuploid gametes. In this review, we aim to discuss the pathways leading to the formation of polyploids, the occurrence of polyploidy in the grass family (Poaceae), and mechanisms controlling chromosome associations during meiosis, with special emphasis on wheat.

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“…This is particularly clear in the extreme example when each chromosome can form only a single crossover, in which case only bivalents can persist to metaphase. This is further supported by the observation that lower crossover rates in diploids correlate with increased meiotic stability of the neopolyploids derived from them, where diploids with low crossover rates are effectively preadapted for polyploid success (e.g., see Murray et al 1984;Srivastava et al 1992;Jenczewski et al 2002). In autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa, selection after WGD acted on genes encoding structural proteins important for the formation of chromosome axes, crossover designation, and synapsis, suggesting that this reflects a coordinated multigenic shift in meiosis that reduces crossing over (Hollister et al 2012;Yant et al 2013).…”

Section: Chromosomal Instability (Cin)mentioning

confidence: 76%

Genome management and mismanagement—cell-level opportunities and challenges of whole-genome duplication

Yant

Bomblies

2015

Genes Dev.

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Whole-genome duplication (WGD) doubles the DNA content in the nucleus and leads to polyploidy. In whole-organism polyploids, WGD has been implicated in adaptability and the evolution of increased genome complexity, but polyploidy can also arise in somatic cells of otherwise diploid plants and animals, where it plays important roles in development and likely environmental responses. As with whole organisms, WGD can also promote adaptability and diversity in proliferating cell lineages, although whether WGD is beneficial is clearly context-dependent. WGD is also sometimes associated with aging and disease and may be a facilitator of dangerous genetic and karyotypic diversity in tumorigenesis. Scaling changes can affect cell physiology, but problems associated with WGD in large part seem to arise from problems with chromosome segregation in polyploid cells. Here we discuss both the adaptive potential and problems associated with WGD, focusing primarily on cellular effects. We see value in recognizing polyploidy as a key player in generating diversity in development and cell lineage evolution, with intriguing parallels across kingdoms.

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Further evidence for the presence of meiotic pairing control genes in Alopecurus L. (Gramineae)

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Chromosome relationships and breeding barriers in New Zealand species ofRanunculus

Chromosome relationships and breeding barriers in New Zealand species ofRanunculus

Chromosome Pairing in Polyploid Grasses

Genome management and mismanagement—cell-level opportunities and challenges of whole-genome duplication

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