Further emission efficiency improvement of a commercial-quality light-emitting diode through surface plasmon coupling

Lin, Chun-Han; Su, Chih‐Ying; Yao, Yufeng; Su, Ming-Yen; Chiang, Hsin-Chun; Tsai, Meng-Tsan; Liu, Wei-Heng; Tu, Charng-Gan; Kiang, Yean‐Woei; Yang, Chengxu; Huang, Fenglan; Lee, Chi-Ling; Hsu, Ta-Cheng

doi:10.1364/ol.43.005631

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In most of the studies reported on SP-enhanced QW LEDs, it is found that the IQE is enhanced only in devices with intrinsically lower IQE. C. H. Lin et al reported the further enhancement of IQE for a commercial-quality blue LED, which has an intrinsic IQE higher than 80% through SP coupling [ 16 ]. As most of the SP-enhanced LEDs acquire a high IQE by sacrificing their electrical properties due to the requirement of small GaN thickness, the authors had already demonstrated in their previous works that Mg doping of the p-AlGaN electron blocking layer results in excellent electrical properties for even thinner p-GaN layers [ 24 , 48 ].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Sp–qw Coupling Enhancement In Nitride-based Ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. H. Lin et al studied the effect of SiO 2 DIs of varying thicknesses between Ag and GaN on the SP resonance wavelength by simulation as shown in Figure 8 a [ 52 ]. In their recent work, they used a low refractive index Ga-doped ZnO layer between AgNPs and GaN to achieve SP resonance in the blue range [ 16 ]. They kept the AgNP size sufficiently small to achieve better resonance.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Sp–qw Coupling Enhancement In Nitride-based Ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high-efficiency LEDs using this approach have the potential to replace the conventional lighting devices, but far more research is needed to realize high efficiency and cost-effective LEDs for practical applications. SPs serve various purposes in LEDs such as the enhancement of the emission efficiency, increasing the light extraction efficiency, the polarization of the emitted light, speed modulation, and increasing the color conversion efficiency [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting Surface Plasmon Coupling of Quantum Wells in Nitride-Based LEDs: A Review of the Recent Advances

et al. 2021

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Surface plasmon (SP)-enhanced quantum-well (QW) LEDs have proved their potential in replacing conventional lighting devices for their high-performance capabilities in ultraviolet (UV), blue and green spectral ranges. The SP-enhanced QW-LEDs have applications in light emission enhancement, light polarization, color conversion, and speed modulation. The electric field of the plasmonic mode of a metal couples with the exciton energy of QWs in resonance results in efficiency enhancement to several folds. The strength of the SP–QW coupling is mainly influenced by the type of metal used for SP enhancement, the metal nanostructure geometry, and the penetration depth of the SP fringing field in the p-GaN. The use of an appropriate dielectric interlayer between the metal and the p-GaN allows further control over SP resonance with QW emission wavelength. The penetration depth defines the p-GaN thickness and the QW period number for effective SP–QW coupling. The optimization of these parameters is key to achieve high efficiencies in SP-enhanced QW-LEDs for various applications. This review explains the SP enhancement mechanism and the key challenges facing the SP enhancement of QW-LEDs. The main factors that affect the SP–QW coupling have been explained in detail based on recent reports devoted to this field.

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Section: Factors Affecting Sp–qw Coupling Enhancement In Nitride-based Ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Affecting Sp–qw Coupling Enhancement In Nitride-based Ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Affecting Surface Plasmon Coupling of Quantum Wells in Nitride-Based LEDs: A Review of the Recent Advances

et al. 2021

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“…Plasmonic micro-LEDs have recently become the forefront of research and development aimed at the creation of new extremely efficient micro emitters for the visible-ultraviolet (UV) spectral range and visible light communication [3,4]. The localized surface plasmons (LSPs) can efficiently and rapidly oscillate with exciton energy in MQWs [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], which causes changes of polarization and internal quantum efficiency [16,17]. However, most of the reported studies above focused on the macroscopic enhancement using micro-photoluminescence (PL) mapping [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Characterization of Surface Plasmon-Coupled Photoluminescence Enhancement in Pseudo Micro Blue LEDs Using Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy

Zhang

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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The microcave array with extreme large aspect ratio was fabricated on the p-GaN capping layer followed by Ag nanoparticles preparation. The coupling distance between the dual-wavelength InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells and the localized surface plasmon resonance was carefully characterized in nanometer scale by scanning near-field optical microscopy. The effects of coupling distance and excitation power on the enhancement of photoluminescence were investigated. The penetration depth was measured in the range of 39-55 nm depending on the excitation density. At low excitation power density, the maximum enhancement of 103 was achieved at the optimum coupling distance of 25 nm. Time-resolved photoluminescence shows that the recombination life time was shortened from 5.86 to 1.47 ns by the introduction of Ag nanoparticle plasmon resonance.Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 751 2 of 10 given by Z = λ/2π[(ε GaN -ε metal )/ε metal 2 ] 1/2 where ε GaN and ε metal are the real parts of the dielectric

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“…Surface plasmon (SP) resonance can be used for improving emission efficiency of a light‐emitting diode, [ 1–8 ] increasing absorption efficiency of a photovoltaic device, [ 9–11 ] enhancing Raman scattering signal intensity, [ 12 ] producing the effect of photothermal therapy, [ 13,14 ] and generating waveguide function for optoelectronics application. [ 15,16 ] Currently, to produce SP resonance for various applications in the visible range, noble metals, including Au and Ag, are commonly used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Film Thickness Dependence of Surface Plasmon Resonance Behavior at a Grating Structure of Highly Ga‐Doped ZnO

Liu

Chen

Cheng

et al. 2020

Physica Status Solidi (a)

Self Cite

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Grating structures of the same grating period and similar ridge widths and heights are fabricated at the air interface of highly Ga‐doped ZnO (GaZnO) thin films of different thicknesses for studying the different resonance behaviors of induced surface plasmon (SP) polariton and localized SP in the near‐IR range. The wavelengths of those SP resonance modes obtained via the reflection and transmission measurements from the air and substrate sides are compared for observing the effects of the GaZnO/substrate interface on the behaviors of the SP resonances induced around the grating structures. With the refractive index of the sapphire substrate around 1.75, the resonance wavelengths of the SP modes induced in a sample of a smaller GaZnO film thickness generally become longer. This variation trend can be clearly observed in the reflection measurement from the sapphire side. Therefore, the SP resonance wavelengths of a GaZnO grating structure can be controlled by the refractive index of the used substrate as long as the GaZnO layer is not too thick (roughly thin than 200 nm).

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Further emission efficiency improvement of a commercial-quality light-emitting diode through surface plasmon coupling

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Factors Affecting Surface Plasmon Coupling of Quantum Wells in Nitride-Based LEDs: A Review of the Recent Advances

Factors Affecting Surface Plasmon Coupling of Quantum Wells in Nitride-Based LEDs: A Review of the Recent Advances

Nanoscale Characterization of Surface Plasmon-Coupled Photoluminescence Enhancement in Pseudo Micro Blue LEDs Using Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy

Film Thickness Dependence of Surface Plasmon Resonance Behavior at a Grating Structure of Highly Ga‐Doped ZnO

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