Further Efforts to Influence X-Ray Cataract by Chemical Agents

Cysteine Protection Against the Morphologic Effects of X-Irradiation on Mouse Spleen

“…This is in agreement with other investi gations in which cysteine diminished many of the biological effects of radiation on: bacteria [16|, lymphocytes in vitro [30], mouse tumor [19|, animals [28, 35J, hair follicles [19), crystalline lens [39], leucopenia and anemia [29], However, the optimal protective effects almost invariably require dosages uncomfortably near the lethal level, regardless of the route of administration [32).…”

Cysteine Protection Against the Morphologic Effects of X-Irradiation on Mouse Spleen

“…This is in agreement with other investi gations in which cysteine diminished many of the biological effects of radiation on: bacteria [16|, lymphocytes in vitro [30], mouse tumor [19|, animals [28, 35J, hair follicles [19), crystalline lens [39], leucopenia and anemia [29], However, the optimal protective effects almost invariably require dosages uncomfortably near the lethal level, regardless of the route of administration [32).…”

ICRP PUBLICATION 118: ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Early and Late Effects of Radiation in Normal Tissues and Organs — Threshold Doses for Tissue Reactions in a Radiation Protection Context

“…(586) Within 2 years of the first reports of radiation cataract in cyclotron workers and victims of the atomic bombings, it was reported that local or systemic administration of cysteine prevented lid epilation and greatly delayed cataract formation in rabbits whose eyes were exposed to 15 Gy of x rays (Von Sallmann et al, 1951;Von Sallmann, 1952). The authors reported that this finding suggests that the primary site of the protective effect of cysteine occurs in lens fibre cells, which do not contain nuclei.…”

Radiation-induced eye impairments

“…In contrast to the positive effects in the lens, with the administration of sulfhydryl compounds, in the conjunctiva, cornea and iris, protective effects after irradiation were not observed. Relatively more recent studies by Kobayashi et al, showed that 2-mercaptopropionylglycine and glutathione isopropyl ester (YM737) somewhat inhibited the progression of X-ray-induced cataracts in rats irradiated with 10 Gy [90,91]. Reddy et al, administered 500 mg/kg amifostine before irradiation, which provided some protection against gamma-induced cataracts in experimental animals [92].…”

Cysteine Protection Against the Morphologic Effects of X-Irradiation on Mouse Spleen

“…This is in agreement with other investi gations in which cysteine diminished many of the biological effects of radiation on: bacteria [16|, lymphocytes in vitro [30], mouse tumor [19|, animals [28, 35J, hair follicles [19), crystalline lens [39], leucopenia and anemia [29], However, the optimal protective effects almost invariably require dosages uncomfortably near the lethal level, regardless of the route of administration [32).…”

ICRP PUBLICATION 118: ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Early and Late Effects of Radiation in Normal Tissues and Organs — Threshold Doses for Tissue Reactions in a Radiation Protection Context

“…(586) Within 2 years of the first reports of radiation cataract in cyclotron workers and victims of the atomic bombings, it was reported that local or systemic administration of cysteine prevented lid epilation and greatly delayed cataract formation in rabbits whose eyes were exposed to 15 Gy of x rays (Von Sallmann et al, 1951;Von Sallmann, 1952). The authors reported that this finding suggests that the primary site of the protective effect of cysteine occurs in lens fibre cells, which do not contain nuclei.…”

Radiation-induced eye impairments

“…In contrast to the positive effects in the lens, with the administration of sulfhydryl compounds, in the conjunctiva, cornea and iris, protective effects after irradiation were not observed. Relatively more recent studies by Kobayashi et al, showed that 2-mercaptopropionylglycine and glutathione isopropyl ester (YM737) somewhat inhibited the progression of X-ray-induced cataracts in rats irradiated with 10 Gy [90,91]. Reddy et al, administered 500 mg/kg amifostine before irradiation, which provided some protection against gamma-induced cataracts in experimental animals [92].…”

Cysteine Protection Against the Morphologic Effects of X-Irradiation on Mouse Spleen

“…This is in agreement with other investi gations in which cysteine diminished many of the biological effects of radiation on: bacteria [16|, lymphocytes in vitro [30], mouse tumor [19|, animals [28, 35J, hair follicles [19), crystalline lens [39], leucopenia and anemia [29], However, the optimal protective effects almost invariably require dosages uncomfortably near the lethal level, regardless of the route of administration [32).…”

ICRP PUBLICATION 118: ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Early and Late Effects of Radiation in Normal Tissues and Organs — Threshold Doses for Tissue Reactions in a Radiation Protection Context

“…(586) Within 2 years of the first reports of radiation cataract in cyclotron workers and victims of the atomic bombings, it was reported that local or systemic administration of cysteine prevented lid epilation and greatly delayed cataract formation in rabbits whose eyes were exposed to 15 Gy of x rays (Von Sallmann et al, 1951;Von Sallmann, 1952). The authors reported that this finding suggests that the primary site of the protective effect of cysteine occurs in lens fibre cells, which do not contain nuclei.…”

Radiation-induced eye impairments

“…In contrast to the positive effects in the lens, with the administration of sulfhydryl compounds, in the conjunctiva, cornea and iris, protective effects after irradiation were not observed. Relatively more recent studies by Kobayashi et al, showed that 2-mercaptopropionylglycine and glutathione isopropyl ester (YM737) somewhat inhibited the progression of X-ray-induced cataracts in rats irradiated with 10 Gy [90,91]. Reddy et al, administered 500 mg/kg amifostine before irradiation, which provided some protection against gamma-induced cataracts in experimental animals [92].…”