Further disintegration of Scrophulariaceae

Abstract

A phylogenetic study of plastid DNA sequences (ndhF, trnL/F, and rps16) in Lamiales is presented. In particular, the inclusiveness of Scrophulariaceae sensu APG II is elaborated. Scrophulariaceae in this sense are mainly a southern hemisphere group, which includes Hemimerideae (including Alonsoa, with a few South Americanspecies), Myoporeae, the Central American Leucophylleae (including Capraria), Androya, Aptosimeae, Buddlejeae, Teedieae (including Oftia, Dermatobotrys, and Freylinia), Manuleeae, and chiefly Northern temperate Scrophularieae (including Verbascum and Oreosolen). Camptoloma and Phygelius group with Buddlejeae and Teedieae, but without being well resolved to any of these two groups. Antherothamnus isstrongly supported as sister taxon to Scrophularieae. African Stilbaceae are shown to include Bowkerieae and Charadrophila. There is moderate support for a clade of putative Asian origin and including Phrymaceae,Paulownia, Rehmannia, Mazus, Lancea, and chiefly parasitic Orobanchaceae, to which Brandisia is shown to belong. A novel, strongly supported, clade of taxa earlier assigned to Scrophulariaceae was found. The clade includes Stemodiopsis, Torenia, Micranthemum and probably Picria and has unclear relationships to the restof Lamiales. This clade possibly represents the tribe Lindernieae, diagnosed by geniculate anterior filaments, usually with a basal swelling.

Testing for Ecological Limitation of Diversification: A Case Study Using Parasitic Plants

“…Published DNA sequence-based estimates of relationships among Orobanchaceae lineages have recovered conflicting relationships for Lindenbergia. It has been recovered as sister to the rest of the family excluding Rehmannia (Young et al 1999;Oxelman et al 2005;Wolfe et al 2005). Alternatively, it has been recovered as sister to a small group of parasitic species (represented by species in the genera Bungea, Cymbaria, Monochasma, Schwalbea, and Siphonostegia), with Lindenbergia plus this group as sister to the rest of Orobanchaceae (Bennett and Mathews 2006).…”

Iridoid content and biological activities ofVeronica cuneifoliasubsp.cuneifoliaandV. cymbalaria

“…However, recent extensive molecular investigations of this and related families have demonstrated that traditional Scrophulariaceae is polyphyletic (Olmstead & Reeves, 1995;Olmstead et al, 2001;Oxelman et al, 2005). As a consequence of these results, the genus Veronica has been transferred to the Plantaginaceae Olmstead, 2005).…”

Molecular systematics and phytochemistry of Rehmannia (Scrophulariaceae)

“…The molecular phylogenetic part of the study is based on three DNA regions, the nuclear ribosomal ITS region (3´end of 18S rDNA, ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2, 5´end of 26S rDNA), the trnL-F region (trnL intron, trnL 3´ exon, trnL-F spacer) and the rps16 intron. All regions have been used before in phylogenetic studies of Lamiales and Scrophulariaceae (e.g., Albach et al 2005;Oxelman et al 2005). …”