Further Developments of Fusion-Enabling System in Russia: Suggestions on Superconductors and Current Leads for DEMO-FNS Reactor

Lelekhov, S.A.; Krasilnikov, A. V.; Kuteev, B. V.; Ковалев, И. А.; Ivanov, D.P.; Ryazanov, A. I.; Surin, M.I.; Shavkin, S. V.; Vysotsky, V.S.; Potanina, L.V.; Svalov, G.G.; Abdyukhanov, I. M.; Alekseev, M. V.; Tsapleva, A. S.; Pantsyrny, V.; Zapretilina, E.; Rodin, Igor; Voronova, A. A.

doi:10.1109/tasc.2017.2768186

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this report, we reanalyzed experimental data on the dependence of the maximum pinning force density,

, from the average grain size, d , in practical low- T c multifilamentary Nb 3 Sn conductors [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 55 , 56 , 58 ] fabricated by bronze and power-in-tube technologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the ITER project, bronze-processed Nb 3 Sn-based wires were developed for superconducting magnets, providing a critical current density

of approximately 750 A/mm 2 in an applied field of 12 T at liquid helium temperatures [ 2 ]. However, in [ 8 ], the same wire was processed and achieved a

of 1000 A/mm 2 , which demonstrates that further advancement of cable manufacturing technology from Nb 3 Sn strands to cables is desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of this new cable manufacturing technology is crucially important for the next mega-science project after the ITER, which is the DEMO experimental facility. The DEMO project requires superconducting Nb 3 Sn-based conductors with even higher current capacities [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristic Length for Pinning Force Density in Nb3Sn

et al. 2023

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The pinning force density, Fp, is one of the main parameters that characterize the resilience of a superconductor to carrying a dissipative-free transport current in an applied magnetic field. Kramer (1973) and Dew-Hughes (1974) proposed a widely used scaling law for this quantity, where one of the parameters is the pinning force density maximum, Fp,max, which represents the maximal performance of a given superconductor in an applied magnetic field at a given temperature. Since the late 1970s to the present, several research groups have reported experimental data on the dependence of Fp,max on the average grain size, d, in Nb3Sn-based conductors. Fp,maxd datasets were analyzed and a scaling law for the dependence Fp,maxd=A×ln1/d+B was proposed. Despite the fact that this scaling law is widely accepted, it has several problems; for instance, according to this law, at T=4.2 K and d≥650 nm, Nb3Sn should lose its superconductivity, which is in striking contrast to experiments. Here, we reanalyzed the full inventory of publicly available Fp,maxd data for Nb3Sn conductors and found that the dependence can be described by the exponential law, in which the characteristic length, δ, varies within a remarkably narrow range of δ=175±13 nm for samples fabricated using different technologies. The interpretation of this result is based on the idea that the in-field supercurrent flows within a thin surface layer (thickness of δ) near grain boundary surfaces (similar to London’s law, where the self-field supercurrent flows within a thin surface layer with a thickness of the London penetration depth, λ, and the surface is a superconductor–vacuum surface). An alternative interpretation is that δ represents the characteristic length of the exponential decay flux pinning potential from the dominant defects in Nb3Sn superconductors, which are grain boundaries.

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“…In this report, we reanalyzed experimental data on the dependence of the maximum pinning force density,

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the ITER project, bronze-processed Nb 3 Sn-based wires were developed for superconducting magnets, providing a critical current density

of approximately 750 A/mm 2 in an applied field of 12 T at liquid helium temperatures [ 2 ]. However, in [ 8 ], the same wire was processed and achieved a

of 1000 A/mm 2 , which demonstrates that further advancement of cable manufacturing technology from Nb 3 Sn strands to cables is desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristic Length for Pinning Force Density in Nb3Sn

et al. 2023

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“…where 𝜆(𝑇) is the London penetration depth, 𝜉(𝑇) is the superconducting coherence length, 𝛼 ∞ = 0.49693, 𝑐 0 = 0.41477, 𝑐 1 = 0.775, 𝑐 2 = 0.1303, and 𝜀 ≤ 0.00076. Equations ( 7), (8) were recently simplified to the following form [51]:…”

Section: Problems Associated With Current Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The next mega-science project after the ITER should be the DEMO experimental facility, the primary goal of which is to demonstrate the possibility of obtaining a positive power balance from a thermonuclear reactor as the whole system. This goal requires the development of superconducting Nb3Sn-based conductors with even better characteristics [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic Length for Pinning Force Density in Nb3Sn

Talantsev¹,

Valova-Zaharevskaya²,

Deryagina³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The pinning force density FpJc,B=Jc×B (where Jc is the critical current density and B is the applied magnetic field) is one of the main parameters that characterize the resilience of a superconductor to carry a dissipative-free transport current in an applied magnetic field. Kramer (1973 J. Appl. Phys. 44 1360), and Dew-Hughes (1974 Phil. Mag. 30 293) proposed a widely used scaling law for the pinning force density amplitude: FpB=Fp,max×p+qp+qppqq×BBc2p×1-BBc2q, where Fp,max, Bc2, p, and q are free-fitting parameters. Since the late 1970-s till now, several research groups have reported experimental data on the dependence of Fp,max on the average grain size, d, in Nb3Sn-based conductors. Godeke (2006 Supercond. Sci. Techn. 19 R68) proposed that the dependence obeys the law Fp,maxd=A×ln1d+B. However, this scaling law has several problems, for instance, the logarithm is taken from a non-dimensionless variable, and Fp,maxd&lt;0 for large grain sizes, and Fp,maxd→∞ for d→0. Here, we reanalysed the full inventory of publicly available Fp,maxd data for Nb3Sn conductors and found that the dependence can be described by Fp,maxd=Fp,max0×exp-dδ law, where the characteristic length, δ, varies within a remarkably narrow range, that is, δ=175±13 nm, for samples fabricated by different technologies. The interpretation of the result is based on the idea that the in-field supercurrent flows within a thin surface layer (thickness of δ) near the grain boundary surfaces (similar to London’s law, where the self-field supercurrent flows within a thin surface layer with a thickness of the London penetration depth, λ, and the surface is a superconductor-vacuum surface). An alternative interpretation is that δ represents the characteristic length of the exponential decay flux pinning potential from the dominant defects in Nb3Sn superconductors, which are grain boundaries.

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Conductor Design for Toroidal Field Coils of a High Magnetic Field Tokamak TRT20

Lelekhov¹

2022

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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Further Developments of Fusion-Enabling System in Russia: Suggestions on Superconductors and Current Leads for DEMO-FNS Reactor

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Characteristic Length for Pinning Force Density in Nb3Sn

Characteristic Length for Pinning Force Density in Nb3Sn

Characteristic Length for Pinning Force Density in Nb3Sn

Conductor Design for Toroidal Field Coils of a High Magnetic Field Tokamak TRT20

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