Further development of a conceptual framework for assessing resilience at the community scale

On the Role of Protocol‐Driven Resilience in Coupled Infrastructure and Natural System Resilience

“…First, while both concepts are emergent properties of systemic interactions among components of the system under consideration, risk entails a focus on the system itself, whereas resilience extends beyond the system to other entities interacting with it (Kwasinski et al 2017;Kwasinski et al 2016;NIST 2015). Resilience was defined by the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) as "the ability to adapt to changing conditions and withstand and rapidly recover from disruption due to emergencies" (The White House Office of the Press Secretary 2013).…”

“…Resilience was defined by the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) as "the ability to adapt to changing conditions and withstand and rapidly recover from disruption due to emergencies" (The White House Office of the Press Secretary 2013). Resilience became the focus of forward-looking water utilities as it became clear that the development of response capabilities and focus on other interacting systems would improve their preparedness, situational awareness, and relationships with other governance and infrastructure system partners (Morley 2006;Morley 2010;Kwasinski et al 2017). Although risk and resilience are related, they are not necessarily interchangeable.…”

“…Toward the end of the decade, industry attention shifted to focus on all-hazards assessment because it became increasingly clear that the adaptation and mitigation needs implied by the geographic and temporal scope of natural hazards and demographic changes might also be effective against man-made hazards. Moreover, the temporal and geographic scope of man-made hazards-at least for water and wastewater systems-would be dwarfed by the temporal and geographic scope of natural hazards (Kwasinski et al 2017).…”

“…Although risk and resilience are related, they are not necessarily interchangeable. First, while both concepts are emergent properties of systemic interactions among components of the system under consideration, risk entails a focus on the system itself, whereas resilience extends beyond the system to other entities interacting with it (Kwasinski et al 2017;Kwasinski et al 2016;NIST 2015). Second, while risk and resilience are both anticipatory, risk involves the assessment and mitigation of contingencies that could reasonably be anticipated, whereas resilience involves the assessment of response capabilities that could facilitate improvisation and responsiveness to unforeseen circumstances (Epstein 2008).…”

“…Second, while risk and resilience are both anticipatory, risk involves the assessment and mitigation of contingencies that could reasonably be anticipated, whereas resilience involves the assessment of response capabilities that could facilitate improvisation and responsiveness to unforeseen circumstances (Epstein 2008). Resilience became the focus of forward-looking water utilities as it became clear that the development of response capabilities and focus on other interacting systems would improve their preparedness, situational awareness, and relationships with other governance and infrastructure system partners (Morley 2006;Morley 2010;Kwasinski et al 2017).…”