Further characterization of an unclassified group of bacteria causing endocarditis in man:Cardiobacterium hominis gen. et sp. n.

Slotnick, Irving J.; Dougherty, Mary

doi:10.1007/bf02046732

Cited by 67 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The genus Cardiobacterium, with its sole species, C. hominis, was established in 1964 for a group of fastidious gram-negative bacteria (8,12,13) that were members of the HACEK group. Until 2004, C. hominis was the only Cardiobacterium species known to cause endocarditis (1,2).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocarditis Caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum

et al. 2006

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocarditis Caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum

et al. 2006

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“…The genus Cardiobacterium, with its sole species, C. hominis, was established in 1964 for a group of fastidious gram-negative bacteria of the HACEK group (9). C. hominis is found in most (ϳ70%) individuals as part of the normal flora of the nose and throat.…”

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Fatal Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Endocarditis Due to Cardiobacterium valvarum

et al. 2007

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Cardiobacterium valvarum was isolated from the blood of a 71-year-old man with fatal aortic valve endocarditis. The API NH system was used for phenotypic characterization of the C. valvarum strain. This is the first case of infective endocarditis caused by C. valvarum in Germany and the first case worldwide affecting a prosthetic valve and lacking an obvious dental focus. CASE REPORTA 71-year-old patient was admitted to our cardiac department due to complicated severe endocarditis. His medical history revealed surgery 2 years previously with insertion of bypasses and replacement of a stenotic aortic valve with a bioprosthesis. No infective endocarditis was diagnosed at that time. Two months prior to admission, he had suffered backache resulting from a disc prolapse, which was conservatively treated with repeated local injections of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. In the last weeks before admission, he developed a general weakness accompanied by fever, chills, edema and petechiae in the legs, and psychomotoric slowing. Upon admission to a nearby hospital (day 1), arterial hypotension was treated with noradrenalin. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed endocarditis with vegetations on the bioprosthetic aortic valve. Blood cultures were taken immediately and showed growth of fastidious gram-negative rods after 4 days of incubation. In response to this finding, empirical antibiotic therapy was adjusted to ceftriaxone, rifampin, and amikacin. When an atrioventricular block, grade III, appeared on day 6, the patient was transferred in stable cardiorespiratory condition to the intensive care unit of our department of cardiology. Laboratory tests showed anemia (hemoglobin, 9.6 g/dl), increased concentration of C-reactive protein (107 mg/ liter), leukocytosis (16,900 leukocytes/l), and a reduced platelet count (74,000 cells/l). Blood cultures taken at that time were incubated for 3 weeks but remained negative. For a more detailed assessment, transesophageal echocardiography was repeated; it showed a large floating vegetation on a degenerated, insufficient aortic valve and a hypodense region extending to the aortic bulbus suspicious of a large perivalvular abscess cavity. In the cerebellum, two new ischemic areas, indicative of septic embolism, were identified by cranial computerized tomography and magnetic resonance tomography. No indications of further embolisms were found in the spleen, liver, kidneys, or eyes upon sonographic and ophthalmoscopic examinations. Magnetic resonance tomography of the lumbar spine was suspicious of erosive osteochondrosis (L3/4) and spondylodiscitis, presumably resulting from nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug injections.On day 9, the patient was transferred to our center for cardiac surgery for a high-risk prosthetic valve replacement. Intraoperatively, the aortic valve prosthesis showed massive inflammatory destruction and a large abscess near the anulus, including nearly the complete circumference of the aortic bulbus. Although it was impossible to remove all of the inflamed tis...

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“…The genus Cardiobacterium, with its sole species Cardiobacterium hominis, was established in 1964 for a group of fastidious, pleomorphic, gram-negative bacteria that were isolated from patients with endocarditis (17). So far, additional species have not been reported, although they have been implied (M. Kilian, unpublished data).…”

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confidence: 99%

Endocarditis with Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysm Caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum sp. nov

et al. 2004

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A fastidious gram-negative bacterium was isolated from the blood of a 37-year-old man who had insidious endocarditis with a sudden rupture of a cerebral aneurysm. Characterization of the organism through phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses revealed a novel species of Cardiobacterium, for which the name Cardiobacterium valvarum sp. nov. is proposed. C. valvarum will supplement the current sole species Cardiobacterium hominis, a known cause of endocarditis. Surgeries and antibiotic treatment cured the patient's infection and associated complications. During cardiac surgery, a congenital bicuspid aortic valve was found to be the predisposing factor for his endocarditis.

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Further characterization of an unclassified group of bacteria causing endocarditis in man:Cardiobacterium hominis gen. et sp. n.

Cited by 67 publications

References 9 publications

Endocarditis Caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum

Endocarditis Caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum

Fatal Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Endocarditis Due to Cardiobacterium valvarum

Endocarditis with Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysm Caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum sp. nov

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