Furazan‐Fused Azacyclic Nitramines: Influence of Structural Features on the Combustion and the Thermolysis

Abstract

The combustion behavior and thermal stability of 4,6,8-trinitro-4,5,7,8-tetrahydro-6H-furazano[3,4-f]-1,3,5-triazepine (FRDX) and 1,4,5,8-tetranitrodifurazano[3,4-c][3,4-h]tetraazadecaline (FTNAD) were investigated and compared with analogs, where the furazan ring is substituted with CH 2 or C=O units. It has been shown that the furazan-fused unit reduces the thermal stability of azacyclic nitramines, probably due to the weakening of the NÀ NO 2 bond. The burning rates of FRDX and FTNAD are determined by the kinetics of heat release in the melt. There is the peculiar effect of the furazan unit on the burning rate: according to thermocouple measurements, the unit increases the volatility of cyclic nitramines and reduces the temperature of the burning surface, which should lead to a decrease in the burning rate, but on the other hand, it simultaneously increases the rate of heat release in the melt, and as a result, the burning rate increases rather than falls.

Energetic [1,2,5]oxadiazolo [2,3-a]pyrimidin-8-ium Perchlorates: Synthesis and Characterization

“…However, decomposition proceeds very intensively; an acceptable DSC curve can only be obtained on a sample less than 0.2 mg. In TGA measurements, the weight loss occurring at this temperature is approximately 19%, which is close to MeCN release (15.6%), as previously observed for 1,2,5-oxadiazoles [ 48 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Further weight loss is observed after 280 °C, which characterizes the second stage of decomposition (see Supplementary Materials, Figure S1 ).…”

A co-crystal of heterobicyclic isomers as a product of the cyclocondensation reaction of 3,4-diaminofurazan with diethyl-2-oxosuccinate

“…In the energetic materials field, high-nitrogen derivatives of furazanopyrazine have taken a strong position as components of promising explosives and rocket propellants. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Significant progress has been achieved in the medicinal chemistry of furazanopyrazines. [11][12][13][14][15] In recent years, some derivatives of this fused bicycle have also found use as organic semiconductors, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] fluorescent sensors 25 and even organic magnets.…”