Furan Derivatives and Furan Chemistry at the Service of Macromolecular Materials

New functional nanocomposites based on poly(trimethylene 2,5-furanoate) and few layer graphene prepared by in situ polymerization

“…It was identified as one of the twelve most promising compounds of vegetal origin for the synthesis of polymeric materials including polyurethanes, polyamides and polyesters [2,4,5,8,9] as well as their copolymers with elastomeric properties. Polyesters that contain furan moieties in their structures, have been widely investigated for decades, starting with Moore and Kelly's pioneering research about thirty years ago [10] and continuing with some recent studies [7,[11][12][13]. Nevertheless, the synthesis of the furan homologue of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), i.e.…”

Monomers and Resulting Polymers from Biomass

“…Furans and furan derivatives are a promising field in renewable chemistry as they are platform chemicals that can be used to produce fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals, as well as polymers [64]. Several excellent in-depth reviews on furan chemistry for biorenewable polymers are available [64][65][66][67][68].…”

“…The first-generation derivatives -furfural and 5-HMF, shown in Figure 5.2 -can be produced from mono, oligo, and polysaccharide sources using several methods [67]. Straightforward modifications of furfural and HMF lead to the production of several monomers suitable for polymerization [68].…”

“…Figure 5.2 depicts some of these, including 2,5-furancarboxydialdehyde (FCDA), 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid dichloride (FDCC), and isopropylidene bis-(2,5-furandiylmethylene)diisocyanate. Furan derivatives show promise for the production of polymers, generally following condensation routes to polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, and others [67]. Limited success has been reported with regard to free radical, cationic, and anionic polymerizations because of difficulties mostly contributed to the central furan molecule, suggesting limited room for growth [67].…”

Vanillin-Based Polymers—part II: Synthesis of Schiff Base Polymers of Divanillin and Their Chelation with Metal Ions

“…Some of the renewable resources-based monomers currently under study are triglycerides [3,4], 1,3-propanediol [5], furfural [6,7], 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or its derivatives [8][9][10], lactic acid [11], and levulinic acid [12,13]. Vanillin (1, Figure 1) is another biomass-derived compound that can be considered as a potential renewable feedstock chemical.…”