Fungitoxic effects of some plant extracts on seedborne fungi pathogens of Bambara groundnut in Awka South of Anambra State, Nigeria

Iwuagwu, Christian Chukwunenye; Kpadobi, Raphael Chinoyelum; Nwogbaga, A.C.; Salaudeen, Muhammadu Tajudeen; Iheaturu, Donald Ezechukwu; Onejeme, Francis Chukwuma

doi:10.30918/ampr.72.19.014

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Seed-borne organisms isolated and identified in this research were Penicillium spp and Aspergillus spp which have been reported to responsible to loss of viability in most stored seeds. This is in agreement to findings of Iwuagwu et al (2018a) and Iwuagwu et al (2019), who reported association of some fungi pathogens with rice and Bambara groundnut seeds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Biocidal-Efficacy of Gorgoneia Latifolium, Myristica Fragans and Alpron- Plus on Seed Health, Germination Percentage, Seedling Vigour of Sweet Melon (Cucumis Melo L.) Seeds and Associated Fungi Organisms

Iwuagwu

Mbanekwu²,

Aguwa³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Res. Granthaalayah

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Laboratory experiment was conducted to test the effects of bio-medicinal plants (Gongronema latifolium (Utazi) leaves and Myristica fragans (Nutmeg) seeds) and synthetic fungicide (Alpron- Plus) on seed health, germination percentage and seedling vigour of sweet melon seeds. The experiment was conducted at the Crop Science and Horticulture Laboratory, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State. Bio-medicinal plants were used as crude powdery seed dressers as well as synthetic fungicide. The experiment was laid out in a simple completely randomized design (CRD) with ten replications which consisted of blotter paper germination/ seed health tests of sweet melon seeds and seedling vigour and seedling vigour index tests using soil medium. Ten petri dishes and ten polybags were used respectively for each of the plant extracts and synthetic fungicides simultaneously for both blotter paper and soil medium tests. Twenty seeds which were independently dressed with various plant extracts and synthetic fungicide were plated into one 9cm Petri dish containing three layers of blotter paper in circular form. For soil medium method, ten polybags with few small perforations underneath filled with sterilized top soil were used for each fungicide. The Petri dishes containing the plated seeds were incubated on the Laboratory benches for eight days while seedlings in polybags were kept in the screenhouse and observations were taken and recorded daily for germination count, fungal growth then germination index and seedling vigour index which were derived later with appropriate formulae and their values being expressed in percentages. The results of this investigation revealed that bio-medicinal plant crude extracts had significant effect on germination percentage and germination index of Sweet- melon seeds. Gongronema latifolium crude extract had the highest germination index. The synthetic fungicide was effective in protecting the seeds of sweet melon though had low germination percentage. Nutmeg was not effective when used in crude powdery form as dressers as it had the lowest germination percentage and the highest infestation percentage. It could therefore be recommended that the plant extracts tested in this experiment should not be used as powdery seed dressers but as essential oil using appropriate extracting solvents in order for the bioactive ingredients to act effectively in preventing micro-organisms that hinder germination of sweet melon seeds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Biocidal-Efficacy of Gorgoneia Latifolium, Myristica Fragans and Alpron- Plus on Seed Health, Germination Percentage, Seedling Vigour of Sweet Melon (Cucumis Melo L.) Seeds and Associated Fungi Organisms

Iwuagwu

Mbanekwu²,

Aguwa³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Res. Granthaalayah

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“…It was observed that the number of branches improved with increasing age of the plant. Similar increasing trend on number of branches was also obtained previously by Iwuagwu et al (2019) in Solanum melongena Neethu et al (2022) in French bean. The combination of spacing and days after planting revealed significant difference.…”

Section: Number Of Branches Per Plantsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Different Spacing Level and Growth Stages of Chekkurmanis (Sauropus androgynus L.) on Plant Growth

Naveena,

Janavi,

Rameshkumar

et al. 2024

IJARe

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Background: Chekkurmanis, is a shrubby glabrous perennial green leafy vegetable, extensively grown in warm humid tropics. It is called as “Multivitamin / Multigreen” plant. Micronutrient deficiency has spread all over the world and it is termed as “Hidden Hunger”. In this regard, chekkurmanis is the chief source of many minerals and nutrients is help to eradicate these deficiencies. The yield enhancement and improvement on plant growth characters could be manipulated by adopting optimized cultural practices, especially plant spacing and stage of harvest. With the background, present study was taken up to examine the variations in morphologically; under different spacing’s in relation to different growth stages were assessed and discussed. Methods: The research study was carried during 2019-2020. The healthy rooted cuttings collected from Orchard, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu. The research trial consisted of two factors different spacing’s (Factor I) and specific days interval (Factor II). Result: Based on the results, it can be suggested that growth characters i.e. plant height, number of branches, number of leaves per plant and petiole length parameters were significantly higher under closer spacing at 180 days after planting (S1D3). While, Maximum leaf length, leaf breadth and plant spread were recorded under wider spacing at 180 days after planting (S5D3).

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“…Similarly, utilization of aqueous extract of some plants including Eucalyptus globulus significantly reduced mycelial growth of Aspergillus species [37] . Turmeric and garlic extracts were effective in inhibiting radial growth of Aspergillus niger isolated from Bambara groundnut seeds [38] . These findings also affirmed the findings that plant extracts could be effective against fungi pathogens of Bambara groundnut.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the current trial, it was observed that synthetic fungicides generally control fungi more than plant extracts which affirmed the results of Ndifon and Lum [24,35] that Mancozeb and Tandem (metalaxyl + Copper II oxide) produced higher inhibition of the fungus compared to the plant extracts. Also Mancozeb was effective in inhibiting radial growth of Aspergillus niger isolated from Bambara groundnut seeds [38] . Team (i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Globisporangium ultimum Infecting Groundnut and Bambara Groundnut Pods Using Diverse Methods

Mjaika¹

2022

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Bambara groundnut and groundnut are leguminous crops of immense importance globally. However, these crops are exceedingly susceptible to Globisporangium ultimum groundnut pod rot disease which constitute foremost constraints to their production. The objective of proffering solutions to this pod rot disease was set and achieved using three diverse trials. Each experiment was conducted separately in vitro using completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated three times. Firstly, the trial conducted using synthetic chemicals; Team® (i.e. mancozeb + carbendazim) and Mancozeb® revealed that team inhibited mycelial growth of G. ultimum more than Mancozeb (at 50% and 100% concentrations) as from 24 hours after inoculation (HAI). Generally, mancozeb achieved 8%- 100% inhibition, while team achieved 36%-100% inhibition. Secondly, the trial carried out utilizing plant extracts (African locust bean tree, mango, shea butter tree and pawpaw plant tissues) revealed that inhibition by plant extracts was lowest (8.0%) in shea butter (at 50% concentration) and highest (100% inhibition) at 24 HAI in African locust bean (Parkia sp.) (100% concentration), mango (100%) and shea butter (100%) . The best plant extracts were African locust bean tree (100% concentration), Pawpaw (100%), Mango (100%) and Shea butter tree (100%) followed by African locust bean (50%). Finally, the trial conducted using biocontrol agents (Trichoderma and Cladosporium spp.) revealed that these agents inhibited mycelial growth of G. ultimum by 12%-100%. All the biocontrol agents (T. harzianum NSBM, T. virens BGMZ2, T. harzianum AIM3, Cladosporium cladiosporioides AIGT, C. cladiosporioides AIPL and T. viride AIBK) were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) from the control at 96 HAI. Inhibition by bio-control agents generally ranged between 10%-90%. Thus groundnut pod rot disease complex can be effectively managed using these pesticides; nevertheless conducting of field based trials is being admonished.

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Fungitoxic effects of some plant extracts on seedborne fungi pathogens of Bambara groundnut in Awka South of Anambra State, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Biocidal-Efficacy of Gorgoneia Latifolium, Myristica Fragans and Alpron- Plus on Seed Health, Germination Percentage, Seedling Vigour of Sweet Melon (Cucumis Melo L.) Seeds and Associated Fungi Organisms

Biocidal-Efficacy of Gorgoneia Latifolium, Myristica Fragans and Alpron- Plus on Seed Health, Germination Percentage, Seedling Vigour of Sweet Melon (Cucumis Melo L.) Seeds and Associated Fungi Organisms

Effect of Different Spacing Level and Growth Stages of Chekkurmanis (Sauropus androgynus L.) on Plant Growth

Management of Globisporangium ultimum Infecting Groundnut and Bambara Groundnut Pods Using Diverse Methods

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