Fungicidal control ofPhytophthora erythroseptica: The cause of pink rot on potato

Wicks, Trevor; Davoren, C.W.; Hall, Barbara

doi:10.1007/bf02855791

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In particular, the application of mefenoxam at planting has gained favour in some regions. Ridomil applied as a granular treatment at planting (Torres et al 1985;Wicks et al 2000) or as an in-furrow liquid application (Mulrooney and Gregory 2002) has provided excellent control of pink rot. Studies in Canada have also shown increased efficacy when mefenoxam is applied in furrow at time of planting compared with the standard two foliar applications (Platt et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of mefenoxam to control pink rot [Phytophthora erythroseptica] of potato in Prince Edward Island

Peters

Arsenault

Sturz³

2003

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Pink rot of potato, caused by Phytophthora erythroseptica, causes yield losses in the field and in storage. Surveys were conducted in Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) during 1999-2001 to determine the sensitivity of local isolates of the pathogen to mefenoxam (Ridomil  ). In addition, field trials were established to test the efficacy of foliar applications of Ridomil to control pink rot in stored progeny tubers. Of 47, 24, and 4 samples of infected tubers collected from harvested fields or warehouses across P. E.I. in 1999, 2000, and 2001, respectively, 15 (32%), 2 (8%), and 2 (50%) contained tubers showing symptoms of pink rot. Tissues excised from infected tubers of samples showing symptoms of pink rot yielded 62, 7, and 8 field isolates of P. erythroseptica in 1999in , respectively. In 1999 and 17 single-zoospore isolates were also generated, respectively, for testing of sensitivity to mefenoxam. An assay on agar amended with mefenoxam revealed that all field and single-zoospore isolates collected from P.E.I. were highly sensitive to mefenoxam (EC 50 < 0.5 µg mefenoxam/mL). By contrast, tester isolates of P. erythroseptica from Maine were either sensitive, moderately resistant, or highly resistant to mefenoxam. Tubers ('Russet Burbank' and 'Kennebec') harvested from field plots managed with foliar applications of mefenoxam were inoculated with selected isolates of P. erythroseptica. Isolates that were inhibited on agar medium amended with mefenoxam were also suppressed in tubers from plants treated with foliar applications of the chemical. One foliar application of mefenoxam at tuber initiation was often sufficient to provide a significant (P = 0.05) reduction in pink rot incidence and severity. In some instances, two foliar applications (at tuber initiation and 2 weeks thereafter) reduced disease incidence and severity significantly (P = 0.05) more than a single application. By contrast, tester isolates of P. erythroseptica from Maine designated as either moderately or highly resistant following the amended-agar assay, also infected tubers from plants treated with mefenoxam. Fungicide efficacy was found to vary between cultivars and among years of study; suppression of pink rot was greater in 'Kennebec' than 'Russet Burbank', and fungicide efficacy was reduced in drier years. Management of resistance to mefenoxam and application scheduling are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of mefenoxam to control pink rot [Phytophthora erythroseptica] of potato in Prince Edward Island

Peters

Arsenault

Sturz³

2003

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Continued mefenoxam usage undoubtedly is providing selection pressure and accelerating these changes, therefore, alternative measures to control pink rot need to be considered. Mefenoxam continues to provide adequate pink rot control in fields infested with a sensitive population of P. erythroseptica, particularly if applied in-furrow and currently most irrigated growers are practicing in furrow applications in Minnesota and North Dakota (Taylor et al 2004;Wicks et al 2000). This method of application also limits the proportion of the population exposed to the fungicide, potentially slowing the development of resistance in the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Other than metalaxyl/mefenoxam, most fungicides have been generally ineffective in controlling pink rot. However one fungicide, phosphorous acid (phosphonate, phosphite), has been demonstrated to be an effective fungicide option for pink rot management and also for late blight and tuber blight caused by P. infestans (Johnson et al 2004;Mayton et al 2008;Miller et al 2006;Wicks et al 2000). Unfortunately, phosphorous acid is substantially more expensive than mefenoxam ) and has no effect on the other major soil-borne water rot, Pythium leak (Johnson et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An enantiomer of metalaxyl, mefenoxam (Ridomil Gold 48% EC and Ultra Flourish 25% EC) was released in 1997. Mefenoxam has increased activity against oomycetes as compared to metalaxyl (Nuninger et al 1996) and is currently used commercially to control pink rot, with applications made at planting, hilling, and on foliage when the tubers are approximately 10 mm in diameter (Secor and Gudmestad 1999;Taylor et al 2004;Wicks et al 2000). Since the release of these compounds, variations in sensitivity to metalaxyl/mefenoxam have been reported among and within numerous species of Phytophthora Csinos and Bertrand 1994;Ferrin and Kabashima 1991;Goodwin and McGrath 1995;Goodwin et al 1996;Hunger et al 1982;Peters et al 2003a;Sujikowski et al 1995;Taylor et al 2002aTaylor et al , 2004Taylor et al , 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Prevalence of Mefenoxam Resistance Among Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybridge Isolates in Minnesota and North Dakota

et al. 2010

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In an 8 year survey of Minnesota potato fields, a total of 1,772 isolates of Phytophthora erythroseptica were collected from potato tubers showing symptoms of pink rot. All isolates were evaluated for sensitivity to the systemic fungicide mefenoxam and categorized as mefenoxamsensitive, -intermediate or -resistant. A significant yearly increase was observed in the frequency of mefenoxamresistant P. erythroseptica isolates recovered and in the frequency of fields from which mefenoxam-resistant isolates originated. Additionally, isolates with intermediate levels of mefenoxam resistance were recovered in each year of the survey. In a similar survey, greater than 80% of P. erythroseptica isolates recovered were mefenoxamsensitive among 293 total isolates collected over 3 years in North Dakota, and no P. erythroseptica isolates with intermediate resistance to mefenoxam were recovered. Results reported here confirm the presence of mefenoxam resistance among isolates of P. erythroseptica in Minnesota and North Dakota but at varying levels among years of the survey in both states. The presence of P. erythroseptica isolates with intermediate levels of resistance to mefenoxam collected in Minnesota support earlier studies which indicate that isolates displaying intermediate responses to mefenoxam are indicative of a transitional flux from a mefenoxam-sensitive to a mefenoxam-resistant population.Resumen En inspecciones por ocho años en campos de papa de Minnesota, se colectaron un total de 1,772 aislamientos de Phytophthora erythroseptica de tubérculos con síntomas de pudrición rosada. Todos los aislamientos se evaluaron para sensibilidad al fungicida sistémico mefenoxam y se categorizaron como sensitivos al mefenoxam, intermedios o resistentes. Se observó un aumento significativo anual en la frecuencia de los aislamientos de P. erythroseptica resistentes recuperados y en la frecuencia de los campos de los cuales se originaron los resistentes al mefenoxam. Adicionalmente, se recuperaron, en cada año del estudio, aislamientos con niveles intermedios de resistencia a mefenoxam. En una inspección similar, se recuperaron más del 80% de aislamientos de P. erythroseptica sensibles, entre un total de 293 colectados durante tres años en Dakota del Norte, y no se recuperaron aislamientos de P. erythroseptica con resistencia intermedia a mefenoxam. Los resultados que aquí se reportan confirman la presencia de resistencia a mefenoxam entre los aislamientos de P. erythroseptica en Minnesota y Dakota del Norte, pero a niveles variables entre los años del estudio en ambos Estados. La presencia de aislamientos de P. erythroseptica con niveles intermedios de resistencia a mefenoxam colectados en Minnesota respalda estudios previos que indican que los aislamientos que muestran respuestas intermedias a mefenoxam indican un flujo transicional de una población sensible a una resistente a mefenoxam.

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“…Initially released as metalaxyl in 1977, the fungicide provided excellent control of most oomycete pathogens, but resistance soon developed and now is widespread throughout tbe P. erythroseptica population in North America (52). Although mefenoxam still can be used effectively to control P. erythroseptica populations predominantly composed of sensitive strains (31,32,36,51,53,56), the continual spread of resistance reafftrms the need to investigate altemative fungicides capable of managing populations resistant to mefenoxam. Although the first phosphonate fungicide, fosetyl-Al (aluminum tris-O-ethyl pbosphonate), was released commercially at approximately the same time as metalaxyl, phosphonates only recently have been invesfigated as potential control agents of oomycete fungi.…”

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confidence: 97%

Effect of Application Method and Rate on Residual Efficacy of Mefenoxam and Phosphorous Acid Fungicides in the Control of Pink Rot of Potato

2011

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Taylor, R. J., Pasche, J. S., and Gudmestad, N. C. 2011. Effect of application method and rate on residual efficacy of mefenoxam and phosphorous acid fungicides in the control of pink rot of potato. Plant Dis. 95:997-1006.Experiments were conducted to examine the effectiveness of rate and method of phosphorous acid application for controlling pink rot of potato {Solanutti tuberosum) caused by Phytophthora erythroseptica. Replicated small-plot and replicated split commercial field trials were established in commercial production fields in Minnesota from 2(X)6 to 2(X)9. Fungicides were applied in-furrow at planting, or as one, two, or three foliar applications via ground sprayer, irrigation system (chemigation), or fixed-wing aircraft. Phosphorous acid efficacy was compared to mefenoxam, the fungicide commonly utilized to manage pink rot, either by determining natural infections in the field or by inoculating eyes of harvested tubers using a mefenoxam-sensitive and -resistant isolate of P. erythroseptica via postharvest challenge inoculation. In replicated small plot trials, both in-furrow and two foliar applications of mefenoxam controlled tuber rot in the field, and significantly controlled tuber rot in storage. Phosphorous acid also reduced tuber rot in the field when applied two or three times to the foliage. Although phosphorous acid was ineffective when applied in-furrow, one, two, and three foliar applications and a postharvest application of phosphorous acid controlled mefenoxam-sensitive and -resistant isolates of P. erythroseptica during storage for 187 days, while mefenoxam failed to control the resistant isolate. In replicated split commercial field trials, two aerial applications of phosphorous acid were as elfective as three applications in reducing pink rot incidence in tubers inoculated postharvest. Three aerial applications were as effective as three chemigation applications in replicated split commercial tield trials in 2008, but provided significantly greater protection than chemigation in 2009.

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Fungicidal control ofPhytophthora erythroseptica: The cause of pink rot on potato

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Use of mefenoxam to control pink rot [Phytophthora erythroseptica] of potato in Prince Edward Island

Use of mefenoxam to control pink rot [Phytophthora erythroseptica] of potato in Prince Edward Island

Prevalence of Mefenoxam Resistance Among Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybridge Isolates in Minnesota and North Dakota

Effect of Application Method and Rate on Residual Efficacy of Mefenoxam and Phosphorous Acid Fungicides in the Control of Pink Rot of Potato

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