Fungi Associated with Maize and Sorghum Grains and their Potential for Amylase and Aflatoxins Production

Sater, Mohamed Abdel; Hafez, Sobhy Abdel; Hussein, Nemmat A.; al-amery, Eshraq

doi:10.21608/ejbo.2017.296.1008

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…in stored maize was previously reported, 67 whereas Eurotium sp. was recorded in 85% of maize samples in the field 68 . An atmosphere of the silo‐bag with grain moisture content higher than those recommended for maize would allow development of these fungi mainly associated with maize.…”

Section: Fungal Diversity Reported In Maize Stored In Silo‐bags Under...mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…An atmosphere of the silo‐bag with grain moisture content higher than those recommended for maize would allow development of these fungi mainly associated with maize. Cladosporium and fungi belonging to the order Mucorales are common air pollutants in maize fields 68 and are rarely found in silo‐bags because of the limited contact of maize grains with the open air and the soil 45 . On the other hand, the presence of H. burtonii was previously reported on maize stored in experimental polyvinyl chloride mini‐silos 69 .…”

Section: Fungal Diversity Reported In Maize Stored In Silo‐bags Under...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…was recorded in 85% of maize samples in the field. 68 An atmosphere of the silobag with grain moisture content higher than those recommended for maize would allow development of these fungi mainly associated with maize. Cladosporium and fungi belonging to the order Mucorales are common air pollutants in maize fields 68 and are rarely found in silo-bags because of the limited contact of maize grains with the open air and the soil.…”

Section: Fungal Diversity Reported In Maize Stored In Silo-bags Under...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal diversity and mycotoxins detected in maize stored in silo‐bags: a review

et al. 2022

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Silo-bags are hermetic storage systems that inhibit fungal growth because of their atmosphere with low humidity, as well as low pH and O 2 concentrations, and a high CO 2 concentration. If a silo-bag with stored maize loses its hermetic nature, it favors the development of fungi and the production of mycotoxins. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review on the diversity of fungal species and mycotoxins that were reported in maize stored under the environmental conditions provided by silo-bags. The genera Penicillium, Aspergillus and Fusarium were found more frequently, whereas Acremonium spp.

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Section: Fungal Diversity Reported In Maize Stored In Silo‐bags Under...mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Fungal Diversity Reported In Maize Stored In Silo‐bags Under...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fungal Diversity Reported In Maize Stored In Silo-bags Under...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal diversity and mycotoxins detected in maize stored in silo‐bags: a review

et al. 2022

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“…In parts of the world where sorghum is a major staple, notably India and sub-Saharan Africa, some evidence has accrued enabling characterization of aflatoxin biosynthetic potential of sorghum-derived isolates. In Egypt, Abdel-Sater et al (2017) found that local sorghum-derived isolates of Aspergillus flavus produced an average of 254 µg/kg AFB1 when incubated on potato dextrose agar at 28 • C for 10 days. Tunisian sorghumderived isolates, on the other hand, produced just 1.15 µg/kg AFB1 on whole sorghum grains incubated at 37 • C for 7 days (Lahouar et al, 2016).…”

Section: Aspergillus Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sorghum Grain Mold Disease Complex: Pathogens, Host Responses, and the Bioactive Metabolites at Play

2021

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Grain mold is a major concern in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production systems, threatening grain quality, safety, and nutritional value as both human food and livestock feed. The crop’s nutritional value, environmental resilience, and economic promise poise sorghum for increased acreage, especially in light of the growing pressures of climate change on global food systems. In order to fully take advantage of this potential, sorghum improvement efforts and production systems must be proactive in managing the sorghum grain mold disease complex, which not only jeopardizes agricultural productivity and profitability, but is also the culprit of harmful mycotoxins that warrant substantial public health concern. The robust scholarly literature from the 1980s to the early 2000s yielded valuable insights and key comprehensive reviews of the grain mold disease complex. Nevertheless, there remains a substantial gap in understanding the complex multi-organismal dynamics that underpin the plant-pathogen interactions involved – a gap that must be filled in order to deliver improved germplasm that is not only capable of withstanding the pressures of climate change, but also wields robust resistance to disease and mycotoxin accumulation. The present review seeks to provide an updated perspective of the sorghum grain mold disease complex, bolstered by recent advances in the understanding of the genetic and the biochemical interactions among the fungal pathogens, their corresponding mycotoxins, and the sorghum host. Critical components of the sorghum grain mold disease complex are summarized in narrative format to consolidate a collection of important concepts: (1) the current state of sorghum grain mold in research and production systems; (2) overview of the individual pathogens that contribute to the grain mold complex; (3) the mycotoxin-producing potential of these pathogens on sorghum and other substrates; and (4) a systems biology approach to the understanding of host responses.

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“…Length and type of spores were used to morphologically characterize the isolates while cultural characteristics considered colour and margins of the colonies (Lee et al, 2013). In addition, the fungal isolates were characterized using fungal identification keys (Abdel-Sater et al, 2017).…”

Section: Identification Of the Mycotoxin Producing Mycofloramentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Fungi from Maize Samples Collected from Selected Counties in Kenya

Okioma

Muthamia

Wagara

et al. 2021

ASD

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Background: Maize is the stable food in Kenya. However, its production has been jeopardized by the high prevalence of fungi in most developing countries and the whole world at large. Some fungi produce mycotoxins which threaten human lives.Methods: This study aimed at isolating fungi from selected Counties in Kenya. Maize samples were ground using a kitchen blender and cultured on Potato Dextrose agar at 28°C for 7d. The fungal isolates were identified using morphological and cultural characteristics. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 software.Result: The mean fungal isolates varied from 10.8±0.2 CFU/g in Wallenia spp. to 47.4±0.2CFU/g in Aspergillus Spp. The most common fungal isolates were Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp. and Penicilium spp. The Mean fungal isolates from the selected Counties varied from Kitui (9.6±0.2 CFU/g), Machakos (9.7±0.3CFU/g), Bungoma (25±0.1CFU/g), Migori (25.3±0.3CFU/g), Kericho (25.3±0.2CFU/g), Kisumu (27.1±0.1CFU/g), Meru (27.1±0.2CFU/g), Kisii (28.5±0.1CFU/g) and Trans-Nzoia (30.1±0.3CFU/g). The number of spores in maize samples from baskets varied from 13.6±0.2-19.6±0.2, polypropylene (24.0±0.2-24.0±0.2), Jute (13.6±0.2-21.6±0.2) and polythene bag (48.0±0.2-72.0±0.2) CFU/g.Conclusion: This study established that maize in the selected Counties is highly contaminated by pathogenic fungi. The most prevalent fungal spp. were Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. The best maize storage material for maize were baskets. There is need of identifying the most prevalent fungi up to the molecular level.

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Fungi Associated with Maize and Sorghum Grains and their Potential for Amylase and Aflatoxins Production

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Fungal diversity and mycotoxins detected in maize stored in silo‐bags: a review

Fungal diversity and mycotoxins detected in maize stored in silo‐bags: a review

The Sorghum Grain Mold Disease Complex: Pathogens, Host Responses, and the Bioactive Metabolites at Play

Isolation of Fungi from Maize Samples Collected from Selected Counties in Kenya

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