Fungal plant pathogens infecting barley and wheat seed from Alberta, 1995-1997

Abstract

From 1995 to 1997, spikes were collected from a total of 160 barley and 188 wheat fields from the Peace River region to the Three Hills area of Alberta, Canada. After threshing, 100 seeds from each field were surface sterilized, incubated on potato dextrose agar, and examined for the presence of the following pathogens: Fusarium graminearum, other Fusarium spp., Cochliobolus sativus, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Pyrenophora graminea, Pyrenophora teres, and Stagonospora nodorum. Fusarium graminearum was not detected in any seed samples. The most common Fusarium species isolated was Fusarium avenaceum. Maximum seed infection levels with F. avenaceum in a single field were 51 and 37% for barley and wheat, respectively. Substantial levels of seed-borne P. teres were found in barley with maximum infection levels of 82, 81, and 89% in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. Stagonospora nodorum was also commonly found in both barley and wheat seed with maximum infection levels of 61 and 54%, respectively. Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, P. graminea, and C. sativus were generally present at low levels.

Impact of agronomic practices on populations of Fusarium and other fungi in cereal and noncereal crop residues on the Canadian Prairies

“…isolated from cereal and noncereal crop residues in this study have also been isolated from FHB-affected spikes or FDK of wheat and barley in western Canada (Clear et al, 1996;Fernandez et al, 2002aFernandez et al, ,b, 2005Fernandez et al, , 2007cTurkington et al, 2002). Pathogenicity of F. avenaceum and F. graminearum isolates from noncereal crop residues on a susceptible common wheat cultivar was verified in controlled-environment tests.…”

Fusarium species associated with plants in Australia

“…Outside of Australia, strains of this fungus causes head blight of wheat (Golinski et al 2002;Kang et al 2005) and frequently are recovered from the grain and field stubble of a number of cereals (Hall and Sutton 1998;Turkington et al 2002). Fusarium avenaceum has been isolated from winter cereals in south-eastern Australia .…”

Biosynthesis of beauvericin and enniatins in vitro by wheat Fusarium species and natural grain contamination in an area of central Italy

“…Among the mentioned species, F. avenaceum and F. poae, even if generally classified as secondary FHB casual agents, are considered two important species under a mycotoxicological point of view (Bottalico and Perrone, 2002;Uhlig et al, 2007) and their presence has increased during past years. F. avenaceum has been isolated from infected grain over a range of climatic zones (Uhlig et al, 2007) and, even if this species is predominant in the colder areas of northern Europe (Jestoi et al, 2004a;Yli-Mattila et al, 2004) and Canada (Turkington et al, 2002), it can be also present at considerable levels in central Europe (Bottalico and Perrone, 2002;Wi sniewska et al, 2014). Furthermore, F. poae has been detected in different countries, along with the most frequently isolated FHB pathogens, such as Argentina (Gonz alez et al, 2008), Canada (Bourdages et al, 2006) and also in some northern European areas (Birzele et al, 2002).…”