Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System

Mathur, Mahan; Johnson, Carl E.; Sze, G

doi:10.1016/j.nic.2012.04.004

Cited by 72 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Microabscesses appear isodense to hypodense on non-contrast CT. MRI is more sensitive to the micro-abscesses, especially on DWI and contrast enhanced sequences. The lesions will have small rings enhanced and restricted diffusion as well as hemorrhagic components widely spread in the brain [11,12]. In our case, multiple circular and nodular enhancements were seen in both the cerebra and the cerebella.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Rare appearance of Candida tropicalis infection of the brain: Multiple micro-abscesses combined with diffuse hemorrhages

Guo

Wang

Lü

et al. 2014

Radiology of Infectious Diseases

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We report a case of cerebral Candida tropicalis infection in a middle-aged patient who suffered from multiple cerebral micro-abscesses associated with diffuse hemorrhage due to perforation of esophagus. MRI revealed multiple irregular, nodular, ring-like enhancing lesions with restricted diffusion and multiple micro-hemorrhages as well as some leptomeningeal enhancements. Blood, sputum and urine cultures showed Candida tropicalis. The lesions were resolved after the patient was given early and effective treatment of anti-fungal medicine. The imaging findings provided limited differential diagnosis, leading to early diagnosis and treatment for this patient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Rare appearance of Candida tropicalis infection of the brain: Multiple micro-abscesses combined with diffuse hemorrhages

Guo

Wang

Lü

et al. 2014

Radiology of Infectious Diseases

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“…Examples include cryptococcal meningitis in the mid-1980s as part of an AIDS-defining illness, or haematology patients who are vulnerable to fungal moulds such as Aspergillus causing intracerebral lesions 3 4. An idiopathic low CD4 count is a risk factor for invasive fungal diseases 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intradural extramedullary spinal candida infection

et al. 2015

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“…Fungal pathogens can be divided into three basic morphologic categories or growth patterns-yeast, mold, and dimorphic fungus-that influence pathophysiology and neuroimaging patterns (58). Approximately 1% of fungal species are yeasts, which are unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms that reproduce by asymmetric fission (ie, budding).…”

Section: Yeastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial, Fungal, and Parasitic Infections of the Central Nervous System: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation and Historical Perspectives:From the Radiologic Pathology Archives

Shih¹,

Koeller²

2015

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Despite remarkable progress in prevention and treatment, infectious diseases affecting the central nervous system remain an important source of morbidity and mortality, particularly in less-developed countries and in immunocompromised persons. Bacterial, fungal, and parasitic pathogens are derived from living organisms and affect the brain, spinal cord, or meninges. Infections due to these pathogens are associated with a variety of neuroimaging patterns that can be appreciated at magnetic resonance imaging in most cases. Bacterial infections, most often due to Streptococcus, Haemophilus, and Neisseria species, cause significant meningitis, whereas the less common cerebritis and subsequent abscess formation have well-documented progression, with increasingly prominent altered signal intensity and corresponding contrast enhancement. Atypical bacterial infections are characterized by the development of a granulomatous response, classically seen in tuberculosis, in which the tuberculoma is the most common parenchymal form of the disease; spirochetal and rickettsial diseases are less common. Fungal infections predominate in immunocompromised hosts and are caused by yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi. Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common fungal infection, whereas candidiasis is the most common nosocomial infection. Mucormycosis and aspergillosis are characterized by angioinvasiveness and are associated with high morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. In terms of potential exposure in the worldwide population, parasitic infections, including neurocysticercosis, toxoplasmosis, echinococcosis, malaria, and schistosomiasis, are the greatest threat. Rare amebic infections are noteworthy for their extreme virulence and high mortality. The objective of this article is to highlight the characteristic neuroimaging manifestations of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic diseases, with emphasis on radiologic-pathologic correlation and historical perspectives.

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Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System

Cited by 72 publications

References 71 publications

Rare appearance of Candida tropicalis infection of the brain: Multiple micro-abscesses combined with diffuse hemorrhages

Rare appearance of Candida tropicalis infection of the brain: Multiple micro-abscesses combined with diffuse hemorrhages

Intradural extramedullary spinal candida infection

Bacterial, Fungal, and Parasitic Infections of the Central Nervous System: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation and Historical Perspectives:From the Radiologic Pathology Archives

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