Fungal Enzymes for Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil

Chandra, Prem; Enespa,

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25506-0_7

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…In biobeds, the presence of lignocellulosic materials reduces the pH in the system generating an environment that favors the growth and development of lignin-degrading fungi, such as different species of white-rot fungi [45]. White-rot fungi are organisms broadly reported in the biodegradation of several organic pollutants, including pesticides from different chemical families [93][94][95][96][97][98]. Fungi can produce extracellular enzymes, such as peroxidases, laccases, and the cytochrome P450 complex, implicated in pesticide degradation [99][100][101].…”

Section: Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobeds, a Microbial-Based Remediation System for the Effective Treatment of Pesticide Residues in Agriculture

Mussali-Galante,

Castrejón-Godínez,

Díaz-Soto

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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Pesticides are chemical molecules employed to protect crops from pests in agriculture. The use of pesticides significantly enhances crop yields and helps to guarantee the quality of farm products; due to this, each year, millions of tons of pesticides are employed in crop fields worldwide. However, the extensive use of pesticides has been related to environmental pollution, mainly in soils and water bodies. The presence of pesticides in the environment constitutes a menace to biodiversity, soil fertility, food supply, and human health. Activities related to pesticide use in crops, such as the handling and pesticide dissolution before application, the filling and cleaning of aspersion equipment and machinery, accidental spills in crop fields, and the inadequate disposal of pesticide residues have been identified as important punctual pesticide pollution sources. Therefore, avoiding releasing pesticide residues into the soil and water is crucial to mitigating the environmental pollution associated with agricultural practices. Biobeds are biological systems that have been proposed as feasible, low-cost, and efficient alternatives for punctual pesticide pollution mitigation. Biobeds were first described as trenches packed with a mixture of 50% wheat straw, 25% soil, and 25% peat, covered with a grass layer; this composition is known as a “biomixture”. In biobeds, the biomixture absorbs the pesticide residues and supports the development of different microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, needed for pesticide degradation in the system. The effectiveness of a biobed systems lies in the high pesticide retention in the biomixture and the degradation potential of the microorganisms growing in the system. In this review, 24 studies published in the last five years (2018–2022) related to pesticide biodegradation in biobed systems are analyzed, emphasizing alternative biomixture composition usage, microbiological strategies, and the key physicochemical parameters for efficient pesticide degradation in the biobed systems. The availability of robust scientific evidence about the simple applicability, low cost, and effectiveness of biobeds for pesticide residue treatment is crucial to increasing the use of biobeds by farmers in different agricultural regions around the world.

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Section: Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobeds, a Microbial-Based Remediation System for the Effective Treatment of Pesticide Residues in Agriculture

Mussali-Galante,

Castrejón-Godínez,

Díaz-Soto

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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“…Mangrove fungi have high potential as bioremediation agents as they are known to possess a high-stress tolerant ability which helps in maintaining the organometallic integrity among different substrata of the ecosystem (Chandra & Enespa, 2019). We have isolated a fungus from mangrove of Terengganu, Malaysia, identified as Trichoderma atroviride which showed high resistance towards cadmium toxicity (Jamali et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Derivatization on the Metabolite Profiling of the Cadmium-Tolerant Mangrove Fungus Trichoderma atroviride Using GC-MS Analysis

Jamali

Azizan²,

Baharum³

et al. 2022

Squalen Bull. Marine Fisheries Postharvest Biotech.

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The mangrove fungus Trichoderma atroviride was found to be tolerant to the heavy metal cadmium and it is of high interest to profile its metabolites to gain insight into its response to cadmium toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of derivatization agents on the number and types of metabolites present in the cadmium-tolerant T. atroviride, detected using GC-MS analysis. The intracellular and extracellular metabolites of T. atroviride treated with cadmium for ten days were derivatized using silylation and alkylation reactions. The results showed that a higher number of metabolites were identified when the three different derivatization agents were used: BSTFA, TBDMSTFA, and MCF. More types of metabolites were identified by silylation, making it suitable for non-targeted metabolites profiling study. Silylation is efficient for the analysis of sugars and their derivatives while alkylation is suitable for a targeted study involving amino acids and organic acids. Statistical analysis for the data set of identified metabolites was performed using Metaboanalyst 3.0 followed by visualization using Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis. The plots showed clear separations of metabolites between the different types of derivatization agents and between control and cadmium-treated samples. A more comprehensive metabolite profile of T. atroviride obtained using different derivatization agents in this study, followed by distinct metabolites detected between control and treated samples, will provide good baseline information for future investigations including the pathways and biomarkers responsible for the fungal tolerance to cadmium toxicity.

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