Fungal Endophytic Communities of Two Wild Rosa Varieties With Different Powdery Mildew Susceptibilities

Abstract

Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most devastating and wide spread fungal diseases of rose, which seriously decrease its productivity and commercial value. In the present study, the endophytic fungal communities of two wild Rosa varieties (Rosa multiflora Thunb and R. multiflora var. carnea Redouté and Thory) with different PM susceptibilities were studied through Illumina MiSeq sequencer. A total of 14,000,424 raw reads were obtained from 60 samples, and 6,862,953 tags were produced after merging paired-end reads. 4462 distinct OTUs were generated at a 97% similarity level. It was found that only 34.2% of OTUs shared between two plant varieties. All of the OTUs were assigned into four fungal phyla, 17 classes, 43 orders, 86 families, 157 genera, and 208 species. Members of Ascomycota were found to be the most common fungal endophytes (EF) among all plant samples (93.7% relative abundance), followed by Basidiomycota (4.7% relative abundance), while Zygomycota and Glomeromycota were found to be rare and incidental. At each developmental stage of plants, the diversity and community structure of EF between two Rosa varieties showed significant differences. Both PCoA plots and PERMANOVA analyses indicated that developmental stage was the major factor contributing to the difference between the Rosa varieties (R2 = 0.348, p < 0.001). In addition, plant varieties and tissues were also important factors contributing to the difference (R2 = 0.031, p < 0.05; R2 = 0.029, p < 0.05). Moreover, Neofusicoccum, Rhodosporidium, and Podosphaera, etc., were found to be significantly different between two Rosa varieties, and some of the endophytes may play a role in PM resistance. These finding are encouraging to testify the potential use of these fungi in the biocontrol of PM in future studies.

Fungal Community Analyses of Endophytic Fungi from Two Oak Species, Quercus mongolica and Quercus serrata, in Korea

“…Our results showed that the Shanon index of endophytic fungi in Q. serrata was significantly higher than that of Q. mongolica (Figure 3). This is consistent with previous findings that either endophytic fungi of diseaseresistant species had a higher diversity index compared with susceptible species to disease [36] or fungal endophytic community had a significant difference between pathogen-infected trees and healthy trees [10,37,38]. For instance, endophytic fungi colonized in Rosa multiflora had higher diversity than Rose multiflora var.…”

Brassica oleracea var. acephala (kale) improvement by biological activity of root endophytic fungi

“…On the other hand, the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with different species within the same genus can be abysmal, and even within the varieties of the same species, as already observed in Uncaria gambier gambir udang and gambir nasi varieties 17 , or in Rosa multiflora and var. carnea 18 .…”

Effects of Soil Amendment with Chinese Herbal Medicine on Cassava Growth and Rhizosphere Microbial Diversity

“…Differences were considered signi cant at P-values less than 0.05. The effects of different dosages Chinese herbal medicine on microbial core and unique OTUs in each soil environment were analyzed according to the method provided by Zhao 31 and Shade and Handelsman 32 . The OTUs that consistently appeared in the three biological replicates of all soil samples were regarded as core microbiomes, while the some OTUs that only presented in the three biological replicates of one soil samples were considered as unique microbiomes.…”