Fungal Ecology: Saprotrophs

Deacon, J.W.

doi:10.1002/9781118685068.ch11

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In 2012, counts of endospore-forming bacteria gradually decreased from flowering plants to plants with old, dying leaves (p < 0.001). The amount of total resident fungi was similar at the first two phenological stages in 2011, but increased as expected on decaying leaves in 2011 (p < 0.001), which is in line with the function of fungi during decomposition [26]. In 2012, counts of total fungi were initially high during flowering and significantly decreased from flowering to the fruit-setting stage (p < 0.001).…”

Section: Composition Of Resident Microbial Communities In the Strawberry Phyllospheresupporting

confidence: 75%

Introduction of Aureobasidium pullulans to the Phyllosphere of Organically Grown Strawberries with Focus on Its Establishment and Interactions with the Resident Microbiome

et al. 2013

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Currently, there is little knowledge of the establishment of repeatedly applied biological control agents (BCAs) in the phyllosphere of plants and, in particular, their interactions with the resident microbiome. Under field conditions, the BCA Aureobasidium pullulans was applied as a model organism to organically grown strawberries during two subsequent years (2011, 2012), either as single strain treatment or with the co-application of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Fungal and bacterial communities of strawberry leaves were investigated by means of plate counts and 454 pyrosequencing. The establishment of the introduced A. pullulans strains considerably differed between the two years, presumably due to distinct environmental conditions. Short-term and long-term effects of BCA applications on the composition and diversity of fungal communities could be observed as a result of successful establishment of A. pullulans, in 2011, showing, for instance, reduced diversity of fungal communities by competitive displacement shortly after BCA introduction. Due to considerable dynamics in untreated resident microbial communities in the phyllosphere in general, however, we suggest that even the effects caused by the applied BCA preparations in 2011 are negligible under practical conditions

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Section: Composition Of Resident Microbial Communities In the Strawberry Phyllospheresupporting

confidence: 75%

Introduction of Aureobasidium pullulans to the Phyllosphere of Organically Grown Strawberries with Focus on Its Establishment and Interactions with the Resident Microbiome

et al. 2013

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“…However, this phylum was not within the most abundant phyla ( Table 1). Species of Aspergillus, Mucor, and Mortierella are prominent among the chitin-degrading fungi found in soil [24], and Mortierella is known to colonize chitinous materials like arthropod exoskeletons [42]. In our study, SIMPER analysis did, indeed, show a sharp increase of an OTU of the genus Mortierella in the chitin-amended samples.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 67%

Changes of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae levels and soil microbial community during soil biosolarization using chitin as soil amendment

et al. 2020

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Regulatory pressure along with environmental and human health concerns drive the development of soil fumigation alternatives such as soil biosolarization (SBS). SBS involves tarping soil that is at field capacity with a transparent film following amendment with certain organic materials. Heating via the greenhouse effect results in an increase of the soil temperature. The organic amendments can promote microbial activity that can enhance pest inactivation by depleting oxygen, producing biopesticidal fermentation products, and competing with pests. The properties of the organic amendments can heavily influence the type and magnitude of these effects. This study evaluated the viability of chitin as a novel SBS soil amendment to influence soil fungal and bacterial microbial communities, including control of the plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae (FOL). Changes to FOL and the broader soil microbiota were monitored in response to biosolarization using 0.1% (by dry weight) amendment with chitin (Rootguard). FOL suppression was only observed in chitin amended soils that were incubated at room temperature, not under solarized conditions. Conversely, it decreased solarization efficacy in the upper (0-10 cm) soil layer. The presence of chitin also showed increase in FOL under anaerobic and fluctuating temperature regime conditions. Biosolarization with chitin amendment did exhibit an impact on the overall soil microbial community. The fungal genus Mortierella and the bacterial family Chitinophagaceae were consistently enriched in biosolarized soils with chitin amendment. This study showed low potential FOL suppression due chitin amendment at the studied levels. However, chitin amendment showed a higher impact on the fungal community than the bacterial community. The impact of these microbial changes on crop protection and yields need to be studied in the long-term.

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“…Jamur pelapuk putih merupakan kelompok jamur yang melakukan degradasi selulosa dan lignin. Jamur pelapuk cokelat merupakan jamur perombak selulosa, namun tidak melakukan degradasi lignin, sedangkan jamur pelunak termasuk jamur perusak bagian permukaan kayu (Deacon, 2005)  Analisis senyawa fenol dan asam masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga kali.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Efikasi Asap Cair dari Kayu Akasia (Acacia crassicarpa) dan Kayu Jelutung (Dyera costulata) terhadap Jamur Schizophyllum commune Fries

et al. 2023

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Kerusakan kayu yang disebabkan oleh jamur merupakan masalah serius karena menurunkan kualitas kayu. Pengawetan kayu menggunakan bahan kimia sintetis selama ini menimbulkan dampak terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antijamur asap cair dari kayu akasia (Acacia crassicarpa) dan kayu jelutung (Dyera costulata) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur S. commune yang dilaksanakan secara vitro. Asap cair dari kayu akasia diperoleh dari pembakaran secara konvensional tanpa pengontrolan suhu, sementara asap cair dari kayu jelutung diproduksi melalui proses pirolisis pada suhu 400°C. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua set percobaan berdasarkan jenis asap cair yang digunakan. Setiap percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan, yaitu perlakuan kontrol (0%, tanpa asap cair), dan empat konsentrasi asap cair dengan konsentrasi 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 dan 4,0 %, v/v. Percobaan dilaksanakan dengan metode pengujian makanan beracun secara in vitro menggunakan media potato dextrose agar (PDA) sebagai media pertumbuhan jamur S. commune. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asap cair dari kayu akasia tidak mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur sampai konsentrasi tertinggi, sementara asap cair dari kayu jelutung memiliki aktivitas antijamur dan telah mempu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur S. commune secara maksimal (100%) pada konsentrasi 2%.

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Fungal Ecology: Saprotrophs

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Introduction of Aureobasidium pullulans to the Phyllosphere of Organically Grown Strawberries with Focus on Its Establishment and Interactions with the Resident Microbiome

Introduction of Aureobasidium pullulans to the Phyllosphere of Organically Grown Strawberries with Focus on Its Establishment and Interactions with the Resident Microbiome

Changes of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae levels and soil microbial community during soil biosolarization using chitin as soil amendment

Efikasi Asap Cair dari Kayu Akasia (Acacia crassicarpa) dan Kayu Jelutung (Dyera costulata) terhadap Jamur Schizophyllum commune Fries

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