Fungal contamination and mycotoxins in aquafeed and tissues of aquaculture fishes and their biological control

Bashorun, Abdulfattah; Hassan, Zahoor Ul; Al-Yafei, Mehsin Al-Ansi; Jaoua, Samir

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739892

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…OTA mainly contaminates foods such as coffee, wine and meat products, as well as feed and feed ingredients [ 3 , 4 ]. A previous study showed that OTA occurred in 95% of fish feed samples [ 5 ]. Evidence has shown that OTA-contaminated diets decrease fish growth [ 6 , 7 ], induce liver [ 7 ], spleen [ 8 ], and muscle damage [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the emerging role of curcumin to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced muscle toxicity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): in vitro and in vivo studies

Zhao,

Feng,

Jiang

et al. 2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Ochratoxin A (OTA), a globally abundant and extremely hazardous pollutant, is a significant source of contamination in aquafeeds and is responsible for severe food pollution. The developmental toxicity of OTA and the potential relieving strategy of natural products remain unclear. This study screened the substance curcumin (Cur), which had the best effect in alleviating OTA inhibition of myoblast proliferation, from 96 natural products and investigated its effect and mechanism in reducing OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Methods A total of 720 healthy juvenile grass carp, with an initial average body weight of 11.06 ± 0.05 g, were randomly assigned into 4 groups: the control group (without OTA and Cur), 1.2 mg/kg OTA group, 400 mg/kg Cur group, and 1.2 mg/kg OTA + 400 mg/kg Cur group. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates (180 fish) for 60 d. Results Firstly, we cultured, purified, and identified myoblasts using the tissue block culture method. Through preliminary screening and re-screening of 96 substances, we examined cell proliferation-related indicators such as cell viability and ultimately found that Cur had the best effect. Secondly, Cur could alleviate OTA-inhibited myoblast differentiation and myofibrillar development-related proteins (MyoG and MYHC) in vivo and in vitro and improve the growth performance of grass carp. Then, Cur could also promote the expression of OTA-inhibited protein synthesis-related proteins (S6K1 and TOR), which was related to the activation of the AKT/TOR signaling pathway. Finally, Cur could downregulate the expression of OTA-enhanced protein degradation-related genes (murf1, foxo3a, and ub), which was related to the inhibition of the FoxO3a signaling pathway. Conclusions In summary, our data demonstrated the effectiveness of Cur in alleviating OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. This study confirms the rapidity, feasibility, and effectiveness of establishing a natural product screening method targeting myoblasts to alleviate fungal toxin toxicity. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the emerging role of curcumin to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced muscle toxicity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): in vitro and in vivo studies

Zhao,

Feng,

Jiang

et al. 2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Diet influences the behavior, health, physiological functions, reproduction, and growth of aquatic organisms (National Research Council (NRC), 2011). While maintaining the quality of raw materials and feeds from point of origin to end use is a complex task (Patriarca and Pinto, 2017;Nogueira et al, 2020;Taroncher et al, 2021), evidences of mycotoxin contamination of feedstuffs and aquaculture feeds in recent years have been alarming, drawing increased attention worldwide (Anater et al, 2016;Goncalves et al, 2020;Oliveira and Vasconcelos, 2020;Bashorun et al, 2023). Heightened concerns over mycotoxin contamination of feed (and food) have coincided with climate changes including higher temperatures, which are expected to favor growth of mycotoxigenic fungi leading to increased contamination of crops (both before harvest and during storage) and finished feeds (Paterson and Lima, 2010;Battilani et al, 2016;Bashorun et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary mycotoxins and mycotoxin adsorbent additives on production performance, hematological parameters, and liver histology in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Fornari,

Peixoto,

Ksepka

et al. 2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

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Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that can adversely affect animals consuming contaminated feeds. This 71-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of dietary deoxynivalenol plus zearalenone (DON+ZEN = 1.6 + 0.3 ppm), and fumonisins (FUM = 15 ppm), and three adsorbent additives on the production performance, hematological parameters, and liver histology of juvenile Nile tilapia. A mycotoxin-free diet (Control) formulated to contain 35% protein and 8% lipid was spiked with either DON+ZEN or FUM using contaminated corn meals replacing portions of non-spiked corn. Subsequently, three out of four DON+ZEN- and FUM-spiked diets were supplemented (0.5%) with an adsorbent. The research was carried out in a recirculating water system (2,500 L) with a controlled temperature of (25.9 ± 1.1°C), feeding was carried out twice a day at rates ranging from 5 to 8%. The experiment included nine treatments with five replications, each experimental unit consisting of an aquarium with a useful volume of 75-L and fifteen juvenile Nile tilapia (average initial weight of 4.0 ± 0.1 g). Mycotoxin-spiked diets without added adsorbent supported lower final biomass and survival of Nile tilapia relative to control and adsorbent containing diets (P ≤ 0.05). Histological examinations revealed liver inflammation evidenced by lymphocytic infiltration adjacent to pancreatic tissue in fish fed mycotoxin-spiked diets without added adsorbent. Mycotoxin contamination significantly increased HSI (hepato somatic index), which was reverted to the Control value or reduced further by adsorbent addition. Lowest and intermediate hematocrit values were observed in groups fed mycotoxin-spiked diets without and with added adsorbents, respectively. Our results reinforce the importance of using adsorbents and the need to investigate the effect of sub-lethal concentrations of mycotoxins in aquaculture feeds.

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Assessment of mycotoxins found in farmed fish feed

Nogueira,

Tesser,

Buffon

2024

Aquacult Int

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Fungal contamination and mycotoxins in aquafeed and tissues of aquaculture fishes and their biological control

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Unveiling the emerging role of curcumin to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced muscle toxicity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): in vitro and in vivo studies

Unveiling the emerging role of curcumin to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced muscle toxicity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): in vitro and in vivo studies

Effects of dietary mycotoxins and mycotoxin adsorbent additives on production performance, hematological parameters, and liver histology in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Assessment of mycotoxins found in farmed fish feed

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