Fungal Aquaporins in Ectomycorrhizal Root Water Transport

Xu, Hao; Zwiazek, Janusz J.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00302

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Many studies and several reviews have been done on the involvement of AQPs and their regulations in non-infectious diseases. However, limited studies have been done involving AQPs in infectious diseases although studies on plant-pathogens interactions involving AQPs have been advanced ( Wang R. et al, 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Li et al, 2020 ; Xu and Zwiazek, 2020 ). An infectious disease, an illness caused by bacteria, virus, fungi or parasite, is one of the foremost reasons of morbidity and mortality in individuals worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Aquaporins: Functional Diversity and Potential Roles in Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases

et al. 2021

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Aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane proteins and found in all living organisms from bacteria to human. AQPs mainly involved in the transmembrane diffusion of water as well as various small solutes in a bidirectional manner are widely distributed in various human tissues. Human contains 13 AQPs (AQP0–AQP12) which are divided into three sub-classes namely orthodox aquaporin (AQP0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8), aquaglyceroporin (AQP3, 7, 9, and 10) and super or unorthodox aquaporin (AQP11 and 12) based on their pore selectivity. Human AQPs are functionally diverse, which are involved in wide variety of non-infectious diseases including cancer, renal dysfunction, neurological disorder, epilepsy, skin disease, metabolic syndrome, and even cardiac diseases. However, the association of AQPs with infectious diseases has not been fully evaluated. Several studies have unveiled that AQPs can be regulated by microbial and parasitic infections that suggest their involvement in microbial pathogenesis, inflammation-associated responses and AQP-mediated cell water homeostasis. This review mainly aims to shed light on the involvement of AQPs in infectious and non-infectious diseases and potential AQPs-target modulators. Furthermore, AQP structures, tissue-specific distributions and their physiological relevance, functional diversity and regulations have been discussed. Altogether, this review would be useful for further investigation of AQPs as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of infectious as well as non-infectious diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Aquaporins: Functional Diversity and Potential Roles in Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases

et al. 2021

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“…The effect of ECM and AM associations on plant water uptake may involve an expansion of the root system [11,34], as also evidenced in our study by the increased root dry weights, especially in well-watered plants and in drought-stressed plants inoculated with Pezicula ericae. Both ECM and AM also enhance the aquaporin-mediated water transport in the root tissues and fungal hyphae through their effect on the aquaporin gene expression [9,13,15,35]. Water potentials can also reflect possible differences in osmotic potentials, due to osmotic adjustment in response to drought.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inoculation with Ericoid Mycorrhizal Associations Alleviates Drought Stress in Lowland and Upland Velvetleaf Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides) Seedlings

Zwiazek

2021

Plants

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Although velvetleaf blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides) is usually associated with sandy (upland) areas of the North American boreal forest, lowland populations can be also found in bogs, suggesting possible adaptations to different site conditions. In this study, we examined the role of ericoid mycorrhizal (ERM) fungi in conferring drought resistance to the upland and lowland velvetleaf blueberry seedlings. The seedlings were inoculated with four ERM fungi (Pezicula ericae, Pezoloma ericae, Meliniomyces variabilis, and Oidiodendron maius) isolated from the roots of ericaceous plants and grown under controlled environmental conditions in sterilized soil. The inoculated and non-inoculated (inoculation control) plants were subsequently subjected to three cycles of drought stress by withdrawing watering. Lowland plants appeared to benefit relatively more from mycorrhizal colonization, compared with the upland plants, in terms of plant growth and drought survival. After three weeks of treatments, the dry weights of non-inoculated well-watered upland plants were higher compared to the non-inoculated lowland plants. However, these differences were offset by the inoculation of plants with ERM fungi, some of which also significantly improved drought resistance characteristics of the upland and lowland plants. There were no major differences in the effects of different ERM fungal species on drought responses of upland and lowland plants. Of the examined ericoid mycorrhizal fungi, inoculation with Pezicula ericae was the most effective in conferring drought resistance characteristics to both upland and lowland seedlings and helped maintain higher shoot water potentials, net photosynthetic, and transpiration rates in plants subjected to drought stress.

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“…Osmotic stress causes cell water and electrolyte imbalance and can be mitigated by the action of aquaporins, protein channels that determine water permeability of cellular membranes (Xu & Zwiazek, 2020). Little is known on mycorrhizal fungal aquaporins, however a handful have been functionally characterized showing their role in stress alleviation.…”

Section: Biochemical and Molecular Responses To Stress In Mycorrhizal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of stress tolerance and their effects on the ecology and evolution of mycorrhizal fungi

et al. 2022

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Stress is ubiquitous and disrupts homeostasis, leading to damage, decreased fitness, and even death. Like other organisms, mycorrhizal fungi evolved mechanisms for stress tolerance that allow them to persist or even thrive under environmental stress. Such mechanisms can also protect their obligate plant partners, contributing to their health and survival under hostile conditions. Here we review the effects of stress and mechanisms of stress response in mycorrhizal fungi. We cover molecular and cellular aspects of stress and how stress impacts individual fitness, physiology, growth, reproduction, and interactions with plant partners, along with how some fungi evolved to tolerate hostile environmental conditions. We also address how stress and stress tolerance can lead to adaptation and have cascading effects on population-and communitylevel diversity. We argue that mycorrhizal fungal stress tolerance can strongly shape not only fungal and plant physiology, but also their ecology and evolution. We conclude by pointing out knowledge gaps and important future research directions required for both fully understanding stress tolerance in the mycorrhizal context and addressing ongoing environmental change.

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Fungal Aquaporins in Ectomycorrhizal Root Water Transport

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Human Aquaporins: Functional Diversity and Potential Roles in Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases

Human Aquaporins: Functional Diversity and Potential Roles in Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases

Inoculation with Ericoid Mycorrhizal Associations Alleviates Drought Stress in Lowland and Upland Velvetleaf Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides) Seedlings

Mechanisms of stress tolerance and their effects on the ecology and evolution of mycorrhizal fungi

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