Fundamentals of Paleoimaging Techniques: Bridging the Gap Between Physicists and Paleopathologists

Wanek, Johann; Papageorgopoulou, Christina; Rühli, Frank J

doi:10.1002/9781444345940.ch18

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The main solution advanced by several authors (e.g. Ortner, 1991 andBuikstra, 2010;Ortner, 2011a and2011b;Ragsdale and Lehmer, 2012;Wanek et al, 2012) relies on the application of more accurate and diversified techniques for the description and diagnosis of pathological conditions. Ortner (2011a and 2011b) states that an effective collaboration between skeletal paleopathology and the medical knowledge derived from orthopaedic pathology and radiology is required to improve the disease description.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ortner (2011a and 2011b) states that an effective collaboration between skeletal paleopathology and the medical knowledge derived from orthopaedic pathology and radiology is required to improve the disease description. Radiological imaging procedures contribute significantly to the diagnosis of certain paleopathological conditions (e.g., trauma, Paget disease), as it enables direct comparison of lesion morphology with that visualized in modern clinical practice (Mays, 2012;Wanek et al, 2012). Furthermore, the application of biomolecular and histological techniques may be very useful in clarifying the nature of bone changes (Wright and Yoder, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A possible case of acquired syphilis at the former Royal Hospital of All-Saints (RHAS) in Lisbon, Portugal (18th century): a comparative methodological approach to differential diagnosis

Assis¹,

Casimiro²,

Cardoso³

2015

anthranz

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Between the years of 1999 and 2001, during the excavation of the Praça da Figueira (Lisbon, Portugal), several human osteological remains from various chronological periods were discovered. Amongst them several skeletons are known to be related with the Hospital Real de Todos-os-Santos (Royal Hospital of All Saints-RHAS), which had an important role. The hospital history begun in 1492 and ended in 1755 largely as a consequence of the Lisbon earthquake. Of the skeletons exhumed, one in particular, the adult female Sk. 1310 showed significant pathological changes. The bone lesions characterized by new bone deposition, with a symmetric and disseminate pattern, were found in the upper limbs, distal end of femurs and in tibia and fibula diaphyses. A bowing deformity with "sabre shape" morphology was also observed in the tibiae. The most striking lesions, characterized by healed nodular cavitations and similar to those of caries sicca, were recorded on the frontal bone. Considering the value of a complete description, as well as the application of multiple lines of enquiry for a reliable differential diagnosis, three distinct techniques were applied and compared: visual examination, imagiology and histology. The results showed that the macroscopic analysis coupled with conventional X-ray analysis were fundamental to obtain a possible diagnosis of acquired syphilis. In contrast, the CT-scan and the histological analyses were less informative. The application of a new scoring system also supports a diagnosis of acquired syphilis. This case-study constitutes the first evidence of syphilis associated with the RHAS, supporting historical data on the pivotal role that this hospital had on the treatment of several conditions, namely, syphilis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible case of acquired syphilis at the former Royal Hospital of All-Saints (RHAS) in Lisbon, Portugal (18th century): a comparative methodological approach to differential diagnosis

Assis¹,

Casimiro²,

Cardoso³

2015

anthranz

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“…In order to expand the aforementioned investigation, we analyzed CT scans of a small sample of spontaneously mummified remains from Vilnius, Lithuania, dating from the 18 th and 19 th centuries AD. We relied upon CT scanning as the best noninvasive technique employed in mummy research (O'Brien et al, 2009; Wanek et al, ). Evidence of advanced atherosclerotic lesions was assessed according to the standards employed by other authors (Allam et al, ; Allison et al, ; Stary et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis in mummified human remains from Vilnius, Lithuania (18th–19th centuries AD): A computed tomographic investigation

Piombino‐Mascali

Jankauskas

Tamošiūnas

et al. 2014

American J Hum Biol

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“…These methods include X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (Chhem and Brothwell, 2008;Beckett, 2014). Despite its possible limitations, which may include blurring of the images and contrast reduction (Wanek et al, 2011), plain radiography has often been adopted as a basic tool for mummy examination (Lynnerup, 2007;Lynnerup and Rühli, 2015). It has the advantage of being affordable, accessible, and mobile, offering the opportunity for remains to be studied on site, often in very remote locations (Notman et al, 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleopathology in the Piraino mummies as illustrated by X-rays

Piombino‐Mascali

Zink

Panzer³

2017

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This paper presents the first radiological investigation of a collection of Sicilian mummies held in a crypt beneath the Mother Church of Piraino, Italy. The chamber contains 26 preserved bodies of religious dignitaries, either conserved vertically in special wall niches or horizontally on wooden shelves. The majority of bodies are clothed, and transportation outside of the crypt was not feasible. Therefore assessment of the remains via paleoradiological methods appeared to be the most convenient approach to investigate this precious ethno-anthropological heritage. Radiological examination of 23 of these mummies yielded information relating to their funerary treatment and some of the pathological alterations associated with the remains. These included osteoarthritis, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, and neoplasms, as well as any trauma present. These analyses provided insights into mortuary behavior and the osteobiographies of these clerical figures.

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Fundamentals of Paleoimaging Techniques: Bridging the Gap Between Physicists and Paleopathologists

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

A possible case of acquired syphilis at the former Royal Hospital of All-Saints (RHAS) in Lisbon, Portugal (18th century): a comparative methodological approach to differential diagnosis

A possible case of acquired syphilis at the former Royal Hospital of All-Saints (RHAS) in Lisbon, Portugal (18th century): a comparative methodological approach to differential diagnosis

Atherosclerosis in mummified human remains from Vilnius, Lithuania (18th–19th centuries AD): A computed tomographic investigation

Paleopathology in the Piraino mummies as illustrated by X-rays

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