Fundamentals of Lubrication

Menezes, Pradeep L.; Reeves, Carlton J.; Lovell, Michael R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1945-7_10

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Adhesive friction and wear mechanism occur when the microsurface asperities adhere to each other, which leads to resistance against the relative motion, whereas abrasive friction and wear are the mechanism which involves the removal of material from one or both of the surfaces because of surface asperities or other hard particles. Fatigue wear mechanism is acknowledged where repeated cyclic loading and unloading occurs, which further leads to crack initiation and propagation. , Boundary lubrication mechanism is seen where there is a very thin layer of lubricant film and the load is carried by the surface asperities only . Mixed lubrication mechanism occurs in the regime where there are considerable amounts of hydrodynamic effects.…”

Section: Tribology and Its Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“… 21 , 22 Boundary lubrication mechanism is seen where there is a very thin layer of lubricant film and the load is carried by the surface asperities only. 23 Mixed lubrication mechanism occurs in the regime where there are considerable amounts of hydrodynamic effects. It is the intermediate regime of boundary and full films lubrication where lubricant film is not sufficient to separate the two contacting surfaces completely.…”

Section: Tribology and Its Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on the Effect of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Tribological Properties of Biolubricants

Uniyal,

Gaur,

Yadav

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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This review provides a comprehensive and accessible literature review on the integration of nanoparticles into biolubricants to enhance wear and friction regulation, thus improving the overall lubricated system performance. Nanotechnology has significantly impacted various industries, particularly in lubrication. Nanobiolubricants offer promising avenues for enhancing tribological properties. This review focuses on oxide nanoparticles, such as zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), copper oxide (CuO), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ), and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles, for their ability to enhance lubricant performance. The impact of nanoparticle concentration on biolubricant properties, including viscosity, viscosity index, flash point temperature, and pour point temperature, is analyzed. The review also addresses potential obstacles and limitations in nanoparticle incorporation, aiming to propose effective strategies for maximizing their benefits. The findings underscore the potential of nanobiolubricants to improve operational efficiency and component lifespan. This review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and professionals in exploring and leveraging nanotechnology's potential in the lubrication industry. This review paper explores the basics of tribology along with its significance, green principles, mechanisms, and energy savings because of friction, wear, and lubrication. Condition monitoring techniques are also explored to achieve brief knowledge about maintaining reliability and safety of the industrial components. Recent advances in tribology including superconductivity, biotribology, hightemperature tribology, tribological simulation, hybrid polymer composite's tribology, and cryogenic tribology are investigated, which gives a thorough idea about the subject.

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Section: Tribology and Its Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tribology and Its Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Effect of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Tribological Properties of Biolubricants

Uniyal,

Gaur,

Yadav

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…These oils must be viscous enough to maintain a lubricant film under operating conditions but should be as fluid as possible to remove heat and avoid power loss due to viscous drag. They should also be stable under thermal and oxidative stress, have low volatility and possess some ability to control friction and wear [1]. The activities of organisms in in-use oils often interfere with these properties and thus, the performance of such oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Deterioration of Used and Unused Synthetic Crankcase Oils

Osadebe¹

2018

FEM

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Crankcase oils are essential to the smooth running of any engine. Like most hydrocarbon derivatives, their composition leaves them susceptible to attack by biodeteriogens especially fungi. Furthermore, these oils are disposed of indiscriminately inadvertently ending up in soil and sometimes groundwater. The biodeterioration of used and unused synthetic crankcase oils by fungi was studied in order to facilitate better management of spoilage both prior to use and within the engine and to pinpoint possible remediative agents. Used samples consisted of oils that had been in use within car engines for four months or more while unused samples were bought from the local store. The crankcase oils studied were Lenoil GTX SAE 15W/40, Lenoil GLX SAE 20W/50 and National X-100 SAE 40. Isolation from the oil samples was done using Potato Dextrose agar via the pour plate technique while mineral salt agar containing the test oil as the sole carbon source was used to assess fungal utilisers. The accumulated fungal biomass was determined following a 30 day incubation period. The fungi found to contaminate and grow in synthetic crankcase oils were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sporotrichioides and Trichoderma harzianum. Each organism had a different growth pattern and the same organism grew at different rates on different oil samples over the same period. National X-100 SAE 40 oil fared better overall than Lenoil GTX SAE 15W/40 and Lenoil GLX SAE 20W/50 being the least susceptible to fungal utilisation. Used oil types was more prone to fungal attack than the unused oils. Fusarium sporotrichioides dominated in used oil samples while Aspergillus niger dominated in unused samples. Used oil samples showed both greater counts and greater biomass accumulation compared to the unused samples. This study showed that fungi are capable of contaminating and deteriorating synthetic crankcase oils. The use of antifungal agents is recommended to combat their activities where unwanted. These fungi could also be used extensively in the bioremediation of soil contaminated with crankcase oils.

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“…Lubricants have evolved from mineral oils to petrochemically modified synthetic oils (1960s), to today's bio-based ecofriendly lubricants. Although the lubrication market fluctuates and has become more environmentally responsible by reducing the use of petroleum-based lubricants due to concerns of environment protection, consumption of oil reserves, increases in oil price, and rises in lubricant disposal costs, mineral oil remains to be the largest constituent and the foundation to most lubricants [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Nanoparticle Additives for Lubricants and Their Tribological Characterization

Peña-Parás

Maldonado-Cortés

Taha‐Tijerina

2017

Handbook of Ecomaterials

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Worldwide manufacturing, as well as the transportation industry, is greatly affected by the rising costs of energy, maintenance, replacement of expensive and crucial components, and environmental legislations. Diverse solutions have been proposed to meet these challenges: more efficient processes that minimize energy consumption, weight reductions, as well as achieving longer maintenance periods and longer replacement times for tooling and components. In order to find a solution for these issues, nanoparticles (NPs) have been used as additives in conventional lubricants decreasing the coefficient of friction (COF)

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Fundamentals of Lubrication

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

A Review on the Effect of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Tribological Properties of Biolubricants

A Review on the Effect of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Tribological Properties of Biolubricants

Fungal Deterioration of Used and Unused Synthetic Crankcase Oils

Eco-Friendly Nanoparticle Additives for Lubricants and Their Tribological Characterization

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