Fundamentals of Acoustics

Kinsler, Lawrence E.; Frey, Austin R.; Bennett, G. S.

doi:10.1119/1.1932798

Cited by 789 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…While this does not actually represent the physical situation, the experimental results appear to agree with this model. Using this model, the stenosis diameters are determined in the following manner: For plane wave reflection at an interface, conservation of energy requires that the sum of the sound power reflection coefficient, R, and the sound power transmission coefficient, T, must equal unity (21). Therefore, R ϩ T ϭ 1.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular wall elasticity measurement by magnetic resonance imaging

Woodrum

Romano

Lerman

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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The goal of this current study was to determine whether an MRI-based elastography (MRE) method can visualize and assess propagating mechanical waves within fluid-filled vessels and to investigate the feasibility of measuring the elastic properties of vessel walls and quantitatively assessing stenotic lesions by using MRE. The ability to measure the Young's modulus-wall thickness product was tested using a thin-walled latex vessel model. Also tested in vessel models was the ability to quantitate the degree of stenosis by measuring transmitted and reflected mechanical waves. This method was then applied to ex vivo porcine models and in vivo human arteries to further test its feasibility. The results provide preliminary evidence that MRE can be used to quantitatively assess the stiffness of blood vessels, and provide a non-morphologic method to measure stenosis. With further development, it is possible that the method can be implemented in vivo. Magn Reson Med 56: 593-600,

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular wall elasticity measurement by magnetic resonance imaging

Woodrum

Romano

Lerman

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…In real fluids, there are very significant contributions to this damping from thermal conduction and molecular relaxation [6,15]. It remains to be seen how the LBM may be adapted to handle all three damping mechanisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming low Mach number, adiabatic compression, and sufficient distance to boundaries, it may be shown similarly to [6] that this implies a lossy wave equation,…”

Section: (A) Solutions To the Lossy Wave Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscously damped acoustic waves with the lattice Boltzmann method

Viggen

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Acoustic wave propagation in lattice Boltzmann Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook simulations may be analysed using a linearization method. This method has been used in the past to study the propagation of waves that are viscously damped in time, and is here extended to also study waves that are viscously damped in space. Its validity is verified against simulations, and the results are compared with theoretical expressions. It is found in the infinite resolution limit k → 0 that the absorption coefficients and phase differences between density and velocity waves match theoretical expressions for small values of ut n , the characteristic number for viscous acoustic damping. However, the phase velocities and amplitude ratios between the waves increase incorrectly with (ut n ) 2 , and agree with theory only in the inviscid limit k → 0, ut n → 0. The actual behaviour of simulated plane waves in the infinite resolution limit is quantified.

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“…The density of human and porcine clots is 1.076·10 3 kg/ m 3 and 1.058·10 3 kg/m 3 , respectively, and the speed of sound is 1.6·10 3 m/s for both types of clots. The intensity reflection coefficient (Kinsler et al 1982) from the interface between human or porcine clot and water is 5.2 · 10 −3 and 4.0 · 10 −3 , respectively. Therefore, the reduction of amplitude as a result of reflection from the clot surface may be ignored.…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the transmission coefficients γ for sound passing through a layer of bone were estimated as a function of frequency by using the boundary conditions presented in Kinsler et al (1982). We have considered the layer of a bone as an isotropic medium with uniform density with the thickness of h = 3.8 · 10 −3 m and with the values for the coefficient of attenuation presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Induced Thermal Elevation in Clotted Blood and Cranial Bone

Nahirnyak¹,

Mast²,

Holland³

2007

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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Ultrasound thermal effects have been hypothesized to contribute to ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis. To explore the thermal mechanism of ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) for the treatment of ischemic stroke, a detailed investigation is needed of the heating produced in skull, brain and blood clots. A theoretical model is developed to provide an estimate for the worst-case scenario of the temperature increase in blood clots and on the surface of cranial bone exposed to 0.12-to 3.5-MHz ultrasound. Thermal elevation was also assessed experimentally in human temporal bone, human clots and porcine clots exposed to 0.12 to 3.5-MHz pulsed ultrasound in vitro with a peak-to-peak pressure of 0.25 MPa and 80% duty cycle. Blood clots exposed to 0.12-MHz pulsed ultrasound exhibited a small temperature increase (0.25° C) and bone exposed to 1.0-MHz pulsed ultrasound exhibited the highest temperature increase (1.0° C). These experimental results were compared with the predicted temperature elevations.

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Fundamentals of Acoustics

Cited by 789 publications

References 0 publications

Vascular wall elasticity measurement by magnetic resonance imaging

Vascular wall elasticity measurement by magnetic resonance imaging

Viscously damped acoustic waves with the lattice Boltzmann method

Ultrasound-Induced Thermal Elevation in Clotted Blood and Cranial Bone

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