Fundamentals and practices in colouration of textiles

Response surface-optimized removal of Reactive Red 120 dye from its aqueous solutions using polyethyleneimine enhanced ultrafiltration

“…The statistical estimations of the responses response conformed closely to the experimentally obtained data for dye rejection (99.90%) under identical operational conditions, which was accompanied with a moderate permeate flux of 120 L/m 2 h. This further affirmed the predictability of the developed quadratic response surface model. Additionally, the pH of the resulting permeate stream conformed satisfactorily permissible limit promulgated by environmental dictum issued in regard to dye contaminated wastewater discharge into the aquatic milieu (Chakraborty, 2010).…”

“…Reactive Red 120 (RR 120), an anionic dye widely applied in textile industries, has often been regarded as an appropriate paradigm of an azo dye in archival literature (Paul et al, 2011;Subash et al, 2013). Given the consequent acute aquatic toxicity, progressively stringent environmental regulations regarding discharged effluent quality and the necessity for uncontaminated process water usage in the water stressed national and global milieu, textiles and allied industries are currently confronted with the arduous task of engineering ingenious and cost-effective techniques, which can concomitantly bring about appreciable decolourization of the dyestuff-loaded industrial process streams, appreciable reclamation of treated process water and sizable recovery and reuse of unutilized resources in the primary facilities (Chakraborty, 2010;Cooper, 1995).…”

Decolorisation by Bacillus flexus of exhausted dyebaths containing CI Acid Red 249 and their reuse for wool dyeing

“…Salt may be added at the beginning of dyeing to control the uptake of high-affinity dyes [15]. Acid dye was chosen because no additives need to be added to the dyebath during the dyeing of woollen textile, not even salt, which may have an adverse effect on the growth of bacteria.…”

Self-association of sulfo derivatives of cobalt phthalocyaninates in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

“…Metal complexes with substituted phthalocyanine have been widely applied as dyes [1,2], catalysts [3][4][5], and medical and biological agents [6,7]. Watersoluble derivatives of metal phthalocyaninates are of special importance for industrial and biomedical processes in aqueous medium [8][9][10].…”