Fundamentals and applications of stir bar sorptive dispersive microextraction: A tutorial review

Vállez-Gomis, Víctor; Grau, José; Benedé, Juan L.; Giokas, Dimosthenis L.; Chisvert, Alberto; Salvador, Amparo

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2021.338271

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…SBSE has a more effective extraction capacity in comparison to the SPME method. The volume of coating used for SBSE is from 50 to 250 times higher than in SPME [84]. The magnetic bar of SBSE is mainly coated by PDMS fiber, whereas SBSE is dedicated to extracting semi-and volatile compounds in aqueous foods' matrices.…”

Section: The Sbse Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Volatiles in Food Products

Starowicz

2021

Separations

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The evaluation of volatiles in food is an important aspect of food production. It gives knowledge about the quality of foods and their relationship to consumers’ choices. Alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters, terpenes, pyrazines, and furans are the main chemical groups that are involved in aroma formation. They are products of food processing: thermal treatment, fermentation, storage, etc. Food aroma is a mixture of varied molecules. Because of this, the analysis of aroma composition can be challenging. The four main steps can be distinguished in the evaluation of the volatiles in the food matrix as follows: (1) isolation and concentration; (2) separation; (3) identification; and (4) sensory characterization. The most commonly used techniques to separate a fraction of volatiles from non-volatiles are solid-phase micro-(SPME) and stir bar sorptive extractions (SBSE). However, to study the active components of food aroma by gas chromatography with olfactometry detector (GC-O), solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) is used. The volatiles are mostly separated on GC systems (GC or comprehensive two-dimensional GCxGC) with the support of mass spectrometry (MS, MS/MS, ToF–MS) for chemical compound identification. Besides omics techniques, the promising part could be a study of aroma using electronic nose. Therefore, the main assumptions of volatolomics are here described.

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Section: The Sbse Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Volatiles in Food Products

Starowicz

2021

Separations

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“…It was introduced by Benedé et al as a hybrid microextraction technique that combines the principles of stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) and dispersive µ-solid-phase extraction (dµSPE) [ 148 ]. It has been mainly applied to determine organic contaminants in the aquatic media [ 149 ]. Although it is a very recent technique, its use has been extended to cosmetics matrices using a hybrid magnetic composite made of CoFe 2 O 4 MNPs and MIL-101(Fe) MOF as a sorbent phase to analyse N-nitrosamines [ 137 ] and a magnetic carbonaceous composite made of CoFe 2 O 4 and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to extract PAHs [ 138 ].…”

Section: Sample Preparation Strategies For Cosmetics Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Sample Preparation for Cosmetics and Personal Care Products Analysis

et al. 2021

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The use of cosmetics and personal care products is increasing worldwide. Their high matrix complexity, together with the wide range of products currently marketed under different forms imply a challenge for their analysis, most of them requiring a sample pre-treatment step before analysis. Classical sample preparation methodologies involve large amounts of organic solvents as well as multiple steps resulting in large time consumption. Therefore, in recent years, the trends have been moved towards the development of simple, sustainable, and environmentally friendly methodologies in two ways: (i) the miniaturization of conventional procedures allowing a reduction in the consumption of solvents and reagents; and (ii) the development and application of sorbent- and liquid-based microextraction technologies to obtain a high analyte enrichment, avoiding or significantly reducing the use of organic solvents. This review provides an overview of analytical methodology during the last ten years, placing special emphasis on sample preparation to analyse cosmetics and personal care products. The use of liquid–liquid and solid–liquid extraction (LLE, SLE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), matrix solid-phase extraction (MSPD), and liquid- and sorbent-based microextraction techniques will be reviewed. The most recent advances and future trends including the development of new materials and green solvents will be also addressed.

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“…In general terms, those microextraction techniques based on magnetic (nano)materials, such as magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) or composite materials made of the combination of MNPs and polymers, have taken on significance due to several reasons [14][15][16], especially for their easy retrieval by applying an external magnetic field, overcoming the timeconsuming collection and handling of non-magnetic sorbents. In this context, the stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction (SBSDME) technique has attracted considerable attention [17]. In this technique, a magnetic (nano)material is added into a vial containing a magnetic neodymium stir bar, so that the magnetic sorbent is attracted by the magnet [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, when the extraction is completed, the magnetic sorbent–coated stir bar is easily removed from the sample solution and the analytes are desorbed in an adequate solvent (i.e., liquid desorption) or directly thermally desorbed into a gas chromatography (GC) system. The fundamentals of this approach, and an overview of the previously published SBSDME methods, have been recently compiled in a tutorial review [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction by a poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)-based magnetic sorbent for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants and their main active metabolites in human urine

et al. 2022

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A poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)-based magnetic sorbent was used for the rapid and sensitive determination of tricyclic antidepressants and their main active metabolites in human urine. This material was characterized by magnetism measurements, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, and thermogravimetric analysis. The proposed analytical method is based on stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction (SBSDME) followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The main parameters involved in the extraction step were optimized by using the response surface methodology as a multivariate optimization method, whereas a univariate approach was employed to study the desorption parameters. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method was properly validated showing good linearity (at least up to 50 ng mL−1) and enrichment factors (13–22), limits of detection and quantification in the low ng L−1 range (1.4–7.0 ng L−1), and good intra- and inter-day repeatability (relative standard deviations below 15%). Matrix effects were observed for the direct analysis of urine samples, but they were negligible when a 1:1 v/v dilution with deionized water was performed. Finally, the method was successfully applied to human urine samples from three volunteers, one of them consuming a prescribed drug for depression that tested positive for clomipramine and its main active metabolite. Quantitative relative recoveries (80–113%) were obtained by external calibration. The present work expands the applicability of the SBSDME to new analytes and new types of magnetic sorbents. Graphical abstract

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Fundamentals and applications of stir bar sorptive dispersive microextraction: A tutorial review

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Analysis of Volatiles in Food Products

Analysis of Volatiles in Food Products

Recent Advances in Sample Preparation for Cosmetics and Personal Care Products Analysis

Stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction by a poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)-based magnetic sorbent for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants and their main active metabolites in human urine

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