“…MBs, very fine bubbles with diameters less than 50 lm, have been studied extensively in many fields. MBs can be generated by the pressurising dissolution and shear methods and are associated with characteristic actions such as high solubility, shear force, cavitation, shock waves and hydroxyl radicals that arise because of their collapse (Takahashi, 2004;Li & Tsuge, 2006;Matsuo et al, 2006;Xu & Shiina, 2007;Li et al, 2009;Tsuge et al, 2009). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MB-CO 2 treatment on the inactivation of L. fructivorans suspended in physiological saline and unpasteurised sake at ambient temperature and a pressure lower than 2.0 MPa.…”