Functions of Lipids in Development and Reproduction of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Kameoka, Hiromu; Gutjahr, Caroline

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcac113

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…fungi (Kameoka & Gutjahr, 2022). We therefore speculate that the increase in root fatty acids in response to herbivory played an important role in the herbivore-induced increased in AM colonisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Prior to the identification of root lipids, sugars were considered the only carbon currency supplied to AM fungi (Luginbuehl et al, 2017). AM fungi cannot synthesise fatty acids de novo, and the absence of genes encoding cytosolic type I fatty acid synthases in mycorrhizae may indicate gene loss following association with land plants (Kameoka & Gutjahr, 2022;Keymer et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foliar herbivory‐enhanced mycorrhization is associated with increased levels of lipids in root and root exudates

Xing,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Journal of Ecology

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Insect herbivory can affect interactions between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi through herbivore‐modified root carbon pools, while the specific metabolic changes underlying fungal responses to herbivory are poorly understood. Here we explored the impacts of foliar herbivory and mechanical wounding on AM colonisation and AM community composition of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) and the role of root metabolites in mediating these effects. Foliar insect herbivory enhanced AM colonisation, whereas mechanical wounding only enhanced AM colonisation in combination with application of caterpillar oral secretions. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of Glomus species was increased in root endosphere, rhizoplane and rhizosphere soils after foliar herbivory. Foliar herbivory also increased the concentrations of fatty acids in roots but decreased phenolics, and their concentrations were significantly correlated with AM colonisation. Addition of exudates from plants exposed to herbivory resulted in increases in AM colonisation of plants without herbivory. Moreover, widely targeted metabolomic analyses revealed that foliar herbivory enhanced the relative abundance of lipids and decreased phenols in root exudates. Synthesis. We show that plants can enhance their associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi when subject to above‐ground herbivory, possibly mediated by herbivore‐induced increases in the levels of root lipids. Our findings highlight the role of root lipids in above‐below‐ground biological interactions, providing novel insights into plant‐AM fungi integrative responses to biotic stresses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar herbivory‐enhanced mycorrhization is associated with increased levels of lipids in root and root exudates

Xing,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Journal of Ecology

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“…In general, the biological activity of lipopeptides is mainly related to their ability to interact with the cell membrane of the target organism, which depends both on the structure of the molecule and on the lipid composition and organization of the target membrane [45][46][47] . AM fungal membranes, are mainly constituted of 24-methyl cholesterol and phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine with saturated and/or monounsaturated fatty acids as phospholipids and this widely differs from lipid compositions in pathogenic fungi [61][62][63] . Therefore, we assume that the low toxicity of iturin to R. irregularis is due to the specific lipid content within the plasma membrane of AM fungal hyphae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the biology and chemistry of the mutualistic partnership betweenBacillus velezensisand the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungusRhizophagus irregularis

Anckaert,

Stéphane,

Poussart

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (e.g. Rhizophagus irregularis) recruit specific bacterial species in their hyphosphere. However, the chemical interplay and the mutual benefit of this intricate partnership have not yet been investigated especially as it involves bacteria known as strong producers of antifungal compounds such as Bacillus velezensis. Here, we show that the soil dwelling B. velezensis migrates along the hyphal network of the AM fungus R. irregularis, forming biofilms and inducing metabolic fluxes that contributes to host plant root colonization by the bacterium. During hyphosphere colonization, R. irregularis modulates the biosynthesis of specific lipopeptides and antimicrobial compounds in B. velezensis as a mechanism toward-off mycoparasitic fungi and bacteria to ensure stable coexistence. These mutual benefits are extended into a tripartite context via the provision of enhanced protection to the host plant through the induction of systemic resistance.

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“…Lipids in plants are energy sources for insect reproduction, embryonic development and metamorphosis. They play an important role in regulating insect activity and conveying insect information (Kameoka and Gutjahr, 2022). It is similar to our findings that lipids in sugarcane leaf can significantly increase the weight of S. frugiperda larvae and shorten the development period of S. frugiperda .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolites with benzene ring from sugarcane leaf play important role in plant-Spodoptera frugiperdainteraction

Su,

Hu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Secondary metabolism plays important role in plant growth and development, however, the relationship between secondary metabolism and adaptive plant-insect communication is largely unknown. The present study used sugarcane line highly susceptible to Spodoptera frugiperda and sister line with medium resistance to analyze the role of plant non-volatile organic compounds (NOCs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in sugarcane-S. frugiperda interaction. A total of 46 plant NOCs and 15 plant VOCs significantly different between resistant and susceptible lines and were continuously up-regulated and down-regulated at different time points before/after S. frugiperda treatment were screened. Phenolic acids containing benzene ring accounted for the largest proportion of differential NOCs. Levels of 66.7% of these phenolic acids were higher in susceptible line. Feeding supplemented with NOCs showed that phenoxyacetic acid (phenolic acid) and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (aromatic phenolic acid) both increased the male-to-female ratio of S. frugiperda. Aromatics containing benzene ring, accounted for the largest of differential VOCs in susceptible line. Two aromatics, p-cymene and benzene and 1-ethenyl-4-methoxy-, with higher level in susceptible line, were attractive to S. frugiperda. Terpenoids, aldehyde, and esters accounted for most of higher-in-resistant VOCs, with most tested to be repellent to S. frugiperda. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of S. frugiperda feeding on susceptible and resistant lines combined with feeding assays revealed that tryptophan, as a precursor of aromatic compounds that also contains benzene ring, could promote the growth and development of S. frugiperda in nutritional deficiency condition. These findings together suggested that benzene-ring containing compounds play a critical role in plant-Spodoptera frugiperda interaction.

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Functions of Lipids in Development and Reproduction of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Cited by 25 publications

References 92 publications

Foliar herbivory‐enhanced mycorrhization is associated with increased levels of lipids in root and root exudates

Foliar herbivory‐enhanced mycorrhization is associated with increased levels of lipids in root and root exudates

Deciphering the biology and chemistry of the mutualistic partnership betweenBacillus velezensisand the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungusRhizophagus irregularis

Metabolites with benzene ring from sugarcane leaf play important role in plant-Spodoptera frugiperdainteraction

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