Functions of actin in mouse oocytes at a glance

Uraji, Julia; Scheffler, Kathleen; Schuh, Melina

doi:10.1242/jcs.218099

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Reports on ROCK for porcine [40], bovine [41], and mouse [31] IVM identified a profound effect of RI on actin-mediated spindle organization and migration for polar body formation. Actin filaments are the major backbone of oocyte asymmetric spindle positioning, which results in polar body extrusion during meiosis [58][59][60]. However, it is important to note that spindle organization and polar body extrusion are not coordinated by a single gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-Term Inhibition of Rho Kinase on Dromedary Camel Oocyte In Vitro Maturation

Tukur

Aljumaah

Swelum

et al. 2020

Animals

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This is the first report on a biphasic in vitro maturation (IVM) approach with a meiotic inhibitor to improve dromedary camel IVM. Spontaneous meiotic resumption poses a major setback for in vitro matured oocytes. The overall objective of this study was to improve in vitro maturation of dromedary camel oocytes using ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) in a biphasic IVM to prevent spontaneous meiotic resumption. In the first experiment, we cultured immature cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs, n = 375) in a prematuration medium supplemented with ROCK inhibitor (RI) for 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 24 h before submission to normal in vitro maturation to complete 28 h. The control was cultured for 28 h in the absence of RI. In the first phase of experiment two, we cultured COCs (n = 480) in the presence or absence (control) of RI for 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 24 h, and conducted real-time relative quantitative PCR (qPCR) on selected mRNA transcripts. The same was done in the second phase, but qPCR was done after completion of normal IVM. Assessment of nuclear maturation showed that pre-IVM for 4 h yielded an increase in MII oocyte (54.67% vs. 26.6% of control; p < 0.05). As expected, the same group showed the highest degree (2) of cumulus expansion. In experiment 2, qPCR results showed significantly higher expression of ACTB and BCL2 in the RI group treated for 4 h when compared with the other groups. However, their relative quantification after biphasic IVM did not reveal any significant difference, except for the positive response of BCL2 and BAX/BCL2 ratio after 4 and 6 h biphasic IVM. In conclusion, RI prevents premature oocyte maturation and gave a significantly positive outcome during the 4 h treatment. This finding is a paradigm for future investigation on dromedary camel biphasic IVM and for improving the outcome of IVM in this species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-Term Inhibition of Rho Kinase on Dromedary Camel Oocyte In Vitro Maturation

Tukur

Aljumaah

Swelum

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…During meiosis II in mouse oocytes, a unilateral furrow initiates polar body formation [29]. After turning of the spindle, this furrow is converted into a bilateral one or a contractile ring (reviewed by [30]). Related to unilateral furrowing is the ingression of furrows between the nuclei during blastoderm formation in early insect embryogenesis [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral Cleavage Furrows in Multinucleate Cells

Bindl¹,

Molnár²,

Ecke³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Multinucleate cells can be produced in Dictyostelium by electric-pulse induced fusion. In these cells unilateral cleavage furrows are formed at spaces between areas that are controlled by aster microtubules. A peculiarity of unilateral cleavage furrows is their propensity to join laterally with other furrows into rings to form constrictions. This means, cytokinesis is biphasic in multinucleate cells, the final abscission of daughter cells being independent of the initial direction of furrow progression. Myosin-II and the actin-filament cross-linking protein cortexillin accumulate in the unilateral furrows, as they do in the normal cleavage furrows of mononucleate cells. Myosin-II is not essential for cytokinesis, but stabilizes and confines the position of the cleavage furrows.

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“…Before meiosis resumption and GVBD, the oocyte nucleus moves to the center from the periphery. This nucleus migration depends entirely on the actin network 32, 33. So abnormal actin dynamics caused by PAK4 inhibition could delay the actin-dependent mechanism to center the nucleus and the subsequent GVBD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAK4 Regulates Actin and Microtubule Dynamics during Meiotic Maturation in Mouse Oocyte

Yang

Luo

et al. 2019

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Meiotic maturation of oocyte is an important process for successful fertilization, in which cytoskeletal integrality takes a significant role. The p-21 activated kinases (PAKs) belong to serine/threonine kinases that affect wide range of processes that are crucial for cell motility, survival, cell cycle, and proliferation. In this study, we used a highly selective inhibitor of PAK4, PF-3758309, to investigate the functions of PAK4 during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. We found that PAK4 inhibition resulted in meiotic arrest by inducing abnormal microfilament and microtubule dynamics. PAK4 inhibition impaired the microtubule stability and led to the defective kinetochore-microtubule (K-M) attachment which inevitably resulted in aneuploidy. Also, PAK4 inhibition induced abnormal acentriolar centrosome assembly during meiotic maturation. In conclusion, all these combined results suggest that PAK4 is necessary for the oocyte meiosis maturation as a regulator of cytoskeleton.

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Functions of actin in mouse oocytes at a glance

Cited by 51 publications

References 68 publications

Effects of Short-Term Inhibition of Rho Kinase on Dromedary Camel Oocyte In Vitro Maturation

Effects of Short-Term Inhibition of Rho Kinase on Dromedary Camel Oocyte In Vitro Maturation

Unilateral Cleavage Furrows in Multinucleate Cells

PAK4 Regulates Actin and Microtubule Dynamics during Meiotic Maturation in Mouse Oocyte

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