Functionalized Nano-MoS₂ with Peroxidase Catalytic and Near-Infrared Photothermal Activities for Safe and Synergetic Wound Antibacterial Applications

Abstract

We have developed a biocompatible antibacterial system based on polyethylene glycol functionalized molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers (PEG-MoS NFs). The PEG-MoS NFs have high near-infrared (NIR) absorption and peroxidase-like activity, which can efficiently catalyze decomposition of low concentration of HO to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH). The conversion of HO into ·OH can avoid the toxicity of high concentration of HO and the ·OH has higher antibacterial activity, making resistant bacteria more vulnerable and wounds more easily cured. The PEG-MoS NFs combine the catalysis with NIR photothermal effect, providing a rapid and effective killing outcome in vitro for Gram-negative ampicillin resistant Escherichia coli (Amp E. coli) and Gram-positive endospore-forming Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) as compared to catalytic treatment or photothermal therapy (PTT) alone. Wound healing results indicate that the synergy antibacterial system could be conveniently used for wound disinfection in vivo. Interestingly, glutathione (GSH) oxidation can be accelerated due to the 808 nm irradiation induced hyperthermia at the presence of PEG-MoS NFs proved by X-ray near-edge absorption spectra and X-ray spectroscopy. The accelerated GSH oxidation can result in bacterial death more easily. A mechanism based on ·OH-enhanced PTT is proposed to explain the antibacterial process.

Highly Effective and Noninvasive Near‐Infrared Eradication of a Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm on Implants by a Photoresponsive Coating within 20 Min

“…Figure 5C showed the images of the color change in GSH solutions after incubation with different samples. [27] Therefore, the loss of GSH in the Ti-MoS 2 and Ti-MoS 2 -IPR groups in the dark was attributed to the oxidative lesions of MoS 2 . For the Ti-MoS 2 and Ti-MoS 2 -IPR groups, the yellow color faded slightly after treatment in the dark for 20 min, and the corresponding loss of GSH was 46.33 ± 1.05% and 46.51 ± 0.60%, respectively ( Figure 5D).…”

“…For example, gold nanoparticles [22,23] and reduced graphene oxide [24,25] have been widely used as photothermal conversion agents for combating bacteria in combination with laser light because of its strong light-absorbing properties. [27] However, if the imbalance between ROS generation and detoxification leads to high levels of ROS, it could generate oxidative stress on cells greatly, which may result in cellular constituents damage (such as proteins, DNA, and lipids) and lead to apoptosis, or even cause the promotion of cancer mutations. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to induce bacteria death through the initial oxidative lesions effect on cell membrane and wall.…”

Efficient Antibacterial Membrane based on Two-Dimensional Ti3C2Tx (MXene) Nanosheets

“…Among a wide spectrum of nanomaterials with proven bactericidal efficacy, antibacterial properties of 2D nanosheets, including MXenes, graphenes and MoS 2 have been explored to meet these challenges 4–6 . Several groups have also shown that decorating nanoparticles on the surface of 2D architectures including graphene oxide (GO) increases its antimicrobial effect 7–9 .…”

The Key Role of Modifications in Biointerfaces toward Rendering Antibacterial and Antifouling Properties in Polymeric Membranes for Water Remediation: A Critical Assessment

“…[172] Among the 2D materials, graphene oxide (GO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) have been intensively used in water remediation application. [176,177] [174] The antimicrobial mechanism of GO is also mediated through the generation of reactive oxygen species.…”