Functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for innovative boron-neutron capture therapy of resistant cancers

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Treatment resistance, relapse and metastasis remain critical issues in some challenging cancers, such as chondrosarcomas. Boron-neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a targeted radiation therapy modality that relies on the ability of boron atoms to capture low energy neutrons, yielding high linear energy transfer alpha particles. We have developed an innovative boron-delivery system for BNCT, composed of multifunctional fluorescent mesoporous silica nanoparticles (B-MSNs), grafted with an activatable cell penetrating peptide (ACPP) for improved penetration in tumors and with Gadolinium for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. Chondrosarcoma cells were exposed <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> to an epithermal neutron beam after B-MSNs administration. BNCT beam exposure successfully induced DNA damage and cell death, including in radio-resistant ALDH+ cancer stem cells (CSCs), suggesting that BNCT using this system might be a suitable treatment modality for chondrosarcoma or other hard-to-treat cancers.</jats:p>

Simultaneous Immobilization of Gadolinium Ions and Di(o-carborano-1,2-dimethyl)borate on Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

“…However, there is a type of tumor considered to be radioresistant [2], and it cannot be treated with traditional radiotherapeutic approaches. Neutron capture therapy (NCT) could be one of the ways to solve this problem [3].…”

The Design of Gold Decorated Iron Borates (Fe3BO6 and FeBO3) for Photothermal Therapy and Boron Carriers

“…These high‐energy particles transfer all their energy to the tumor cells, and their average path is approximately the radius of a cell (4.5–10 μm), thus directly destroying cancerous cells without damaging the surrounding normal cells, preventing them from reproducing [10] . The most critical strategy for developing BNCT and applying it to more patients is the synthesis of biocompatible nanomaterials containing high amounts of boron [11] . To achieve this, some studies have been conducted in recent years on magnetic composite materials containing boron [12]…”

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