Functionalized graphene oxide loaded GATPT as rationally designed vehicle for cancer-targeted drug delivery

Yousuf, Shariq; Siddique, Hifzur R.; Arjmand, Farukh; Tabassum, Sartaj

doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103281

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Graphite and KClO 3 (1:3 ratio) were mixed and reacted with fuming HNO 3 over 3–4 days at 333 K. 47 Since then, the process has been improved by many groups and scientists such as Staudenmaier (1898), Hummers (1958), Shen (2009), Chen (2015), and many more by altering the oxidant, carbon source, and reaction temperature ( Figure 1 ). 2 − 4 …”

Section: Various Routes For the Preparation Of Graphene Oxide (Go)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Good electrical and thermal conductivity, high tensile strength (stronger than steel), 1 the largest strength to mass ratio, and high surface area (1168 m 2 g –1 ) 2 are some characteristics which make graphene and graphene-based materials excellent candidates for a large number of applications. Nanoelectronics, 3 drug delivery, 4 catalysis, 5 sensors, 6 energy storage (batteries), and tissue engineering 7 are some areas where graphene/graphene oxide (GO) could play an important role. Lots of π–π stacking between the layers causes graphene to aggregate and create a hydrophobic moiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on Graphene Oxide: Applications and Toxicity

et al. 2022

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Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted much attention in the past few years because of its interesting and promising electrical, thermal, mechanical, and structural properties. These properties can be altered, as GO can be readily functionalized. Brodie synthesized the GO in 1859 by reacting graphite with KClO 3 in the presence of fuming HNO 3 ; the reaction took 3−4 days to complete at 333 K. Since then, various schemes have been developed to reduce the reaction time, increase the yield, and minimize the release of toxic byproducts (NO 2 and N 2 O 4 ). The modified Hummers method has been widely accepted to produce GO in bulk. Due to its versatile characteristics, GO has a wide range of applications in different fields like tissue engineering, photocatalysis, catalysis, and biomedical applications. Its porous structure is considered appropriate for tissue and organ regeneration. Various branches of tissue engineering are being extensively explored, such as bone, neural, dentistry, cartilage, and skin tissue engineering. The band gap of GO can be easily tuned, and therefore it has a wide range of photocatalytic applications as well: the degradation of organic contaminants, hydrogen generation, and CO 2 reduction, etc. GO could be a potential nanocarrier in drug delivery systems, gene delivery, biological sensing, and antibacterial nanocomposites due to its large surface area and high density, as it is highly functionalized with oxygen-containing functional groups. GO or its composites are found to be toxic to various biological species and as also discussed in this review. It has been observed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels gradually increase over a period after GO is introduced in the biological systems. Hence, GO at specific concentrations is toxic for various species like earthworms, Chironomus riparius, Zebrafish, etc.

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Section: Various Routes For the Preparation Of Graphene Oxide (Go)mentioning

confidence: 99%