Functionalized geopolymer foams for cesium removal from liquid nuclear waste

Petlitckaia, Svetlana; Barré, Yves; Piallat, Théo; Grauby, Olivier; Ferry, Daniel; Poulesquen, Arnaud

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122400

Cited by 50 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The formulation with surfactant AER5 2% and R 1.25 v/v % (S11 sample in table 3) was chosen as the optimal formulation for the decontamination of liquid wastes as already discussed elsewhere (Petlitckaia et al, 2020). The macroporous geopolymer foam with a gas volume fraction of 73%, a density of 0.381 g/ cm 3 and a compression strength of 0.77 MPa was therefore synthesized for this specific application.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Macroporous Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If well formulated, alkali activated materials have a high compressive strength, good chemical and thermal resistance and good aging properties and durability, which are beneficial for a number of industrial applications (Sazama et al, 2011;Novais et al, 2020). Geopolymers show promising potential to be used in the civil engineering (Kamseu et al, 2012;Yan et al, 2019;Ricciotti et al, 2020), chemical industries (Cheng et al, 2012) but also in nuclear field for many applications such as the stabilisation of liquid nuclear oil waste (Cantarel et al, 2018), the encapsulation of Mg-Zr cladding (Rooses et al, 2013) or the decontamination of radioactive effluents using lightweight geopolymer as a solid support (Petlitckaia et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of a Geopolymer Foam by X-ray Tomography

2021

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Metakaolin based geopolymer foams were synthesized at room temperature by direct foaming using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a blowing agent and two types of surfactants such as AER5 and CTAB allowing to tune the connection between two adjacent cells. In the field of decontamination process of liquid wastes, the knowledge of the topology of the generated macroporous network is a primary of interest. Due to the complex structure of porous material, 2D conventional techniques as optical or scanning electron microscopy are often not able to provide all the necessary informations. The 3D networks were therefore characterized by X-ray tomography to determine the morphological structure parameters that is useful to manufacture geopolymer material for filtration applications. The porosity, the pore size distribution and constriction between adjacent cells, as well as the connection rates between pores were analyzed by the iMorph program. The results show that the total porosity increases from 26 to 74% when the initial concentration of H2O2 increases, which is in complete agreement with the tomography results. Materials synthetized from CTAB surfactant are poorly connected whereas those generated from AER5 surfactant have a higher mean cell size (at equivalent initial H2O2 concentration) and are fully connected, which will facilitate the transport of fluid through the material. These features have a strong impact on the value of permeability coefficients of the geopolymer foams. Indeed, permeabilities calculated from a Pore Network Modeling (PNM) approach or Kozeny-Carman equation, are ranged in between 10−14 to 10−10 m2 depending on the cell connectivity, the throat size and the total porosity.

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Section: Characterization Of the Macroporous Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Geopolymer Foam by X-ray Tomography

2021

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“…They are inherently macro/mesoporous materials with a high thermal stability and limited degradation of the structural network up to 800 • C [14]. GPs show good adsorption properties in many applications-typically water purification from organic molecules [15] or dissolved ions [16][17][18][19]-but they have been also investigated for SCR reactions both as NH 4 -and Cu-GP [20], and Fe-promoted in combination with activated carbon [21]. The possibility of varying their pore architecture in a wide range of values and the close similarity with zeolites concerning ion exchange, make GPs good candidates for the production of composite zeolite-GP materials [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cu/ZSM5-Geopolymer 3D-Printed Monoliths for the NH3-SCR of NOx

Cepollaro¹,

Botti

Franchin

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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Geopolymer-based monoliths manufactured by direct ink writing, containing up to 60% by weight of presynthesized ZSM5 with low Si/Al ratio, were investigated as structured catalysts for the NH3-SCR of NOx. Copper was introduced as the active metal by ion exchange after a preliminary acid treatment of the monoliths. Monolithic catalysts were characterized by morphological (XRD and SEM), textural (BET and pore size distribution), mechanical (compressive strength), chemical (ICP–MS), redox (H2-TPR) and surface (NH3-TPD) analyses, showing the preservation of Cu-exchanged zeolite features in the composite monoliths. NH3-SCR tests, carried out on both monolithic and powdered samples in the temperature range 70–550 °C, confirmed that composite monoliths provide a very good activity and a high selectivity to N2 over the whole range of temperatures explored due to the hierarchical structure of the materials, in addition to a good mechanical resistance—mostly related to the geopolymer matrix.

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“…The most common solidification methods mainly include cement solidification (R.O. and A.A. 2020;Matthew, et al 2020), asphalt solidification (Xu, et al 2020), glass solidification (Kang, et al 2021;Sawada, et al 2020), and geopolymer solidification (S. Petlitckaia, et al 2020;Valeria, et al 2020). Cement solidification is a relatively mature and widely applicable solidification technology which has certain shortcomings such as high nuclide leaching rate and poor durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-mechanical Properties and Radon Exhalation of Fiber-reinforced Uranium Tailings Geopolymer Solidified Bodies

Jiang

Tan

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Uranium tailing ponds are a potential major source of radioactive pollution. Solidification treatment of uranium tailings can control the diffusion and migration of radioactive elements in uranium tailings to safeguard the surrounding ecological environment. Literature review and field investigation were conducted in this study prior to fabricating 11 solidified uranium tailings samples with different proportions with PVA fiber, basalt fiber, metakaolin, and fly ash. The samples’ pore structure, volume resistivity, compressive strength, and radon exhalation rate variations were analyzed. The pore size of the solidified samples is mainly between 1–50 nm, the pore volume is between 0.726–1.750 cm3/g, the volume resistivity is between 1411.33-1937.33 Ω·m, and the compressive strength is between 20.61–36.91 MPa. The radon exhalation rate is between 0.0397–0.0853 Bq·m2·s− 1, which is lower than the national standard. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the physical and mechanical properties and radon exhalation rate of the solidified samples, the basalt fiber is found to outperform PVA fiber overall. The solidification effect is optimal when the 0.6% basalt fiber is added.

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Functionalized geopolymer foams for cesium removal from liquid nuclear waste

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Characterization of a Geopolymer Foam by X-ray Tomography

Characterization of a Geopolymer Foam by X-ray Tomography

Cu/ZSM5-Geopolymer 3D-Printed Monoliths for the NH3-SCR of NOx

Physical-mechanical Properties and Radon Exhalation of Fiber-reinforced Uranium Tailings Geopolymer Solidified Bodies

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