Functionalization strategies to facilitate multi-depth, multi-molecule modifications of nanostructured oxides for triggered release applications

Strategy facilitating the transfer of zirconium-oxide nanotubes onto zirconia-based ceramic implants

“…The broad peak of the ZrOsignal after ~4.6μm may arise as a result of nanotube morphology, such that anodic nanotube structures tend to be thicker in the bottom. [7][32] [33] The depth distribution of this coincides with the estimated length of the ZrNT layer (layer thickness ≤ 4.5μm) as determined via SEM. Furthermore, in the region indicated as the interface, an increase in the Osignal distinguishes the transition to the ZrO2 ceramic region within the HS.…”

“…[4][5][6] Recent reports on triggered release from nanotubes is indicative of such surfaces being capable of enhanced control and response to stimuli, thereby offering the possibility of developing 'smart' multi-functional surfaces. [7] [8] Electrochemical anodization is an efficient way to develop nanostructures on a material's surface, unfortunately fabrication by anodization is restricted to valve metals. Especially biomaterials are often metal-oxides and ceramics such as in the field of dental and orthopedic applications.…”

FIB’n’SIMS – Advanced Depth Analysis on Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Nanomaterials

“…The depth information obtained from the different techniques was compared for the model system "octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA) microcontact-printed onto ZrO2 nanotubes". Depth profiling (green curve in Figure 3 a, [11]) shows the presence of ODPA solely at the surface of the nanotubes, a potential infiltration depth of up to 200 nm was concluded. However, the signal of the characteristic small fragment of ODPA, PO2 -, was observed with a higher count rate throughout the nanostructure than in an empty reference sample.…”

Strategy facilitating the transfer of zirconium-oxide nanotubes onto zirconia-based ceramic implants

“…[20] Herein, we fabricate ZrNT films via a one-pot synthesis in the presence of a fluoride-based organic electrolyte as demonstrated in our previous works. [5] [15] As shown in Figure 1 (Anodization of Zirconium: SEM micrographs -(a) nanotubes with circular morphology, (b) film thickness (cross-sectional area < 5 microns) and (c) ZrO 2 -XRD). The asanodized ZrNT film is made of amorphous ZrO 2 as reported elsewhere.…”

“…[12][13][14] Furthermore, zirconia has been reported to promote bio-integration due to its non-toxic response and favorable adhesion to molecules, surrounding tissues and lower bacterial adhesion for certain adherent cell types whilst offering attractive aesthetics. [15][16][17][18] In this work, we demonstrate the possibility of attaching ZrNT to ZrO 2 ceramics without the use of any intermediate treatment of the parent-ceramic. The technique demonstrated in this work is not limited by geometric constraints of the parent material and readily offers a hybrid functionality to the pre-formed biomaterial.…”