Functionalization of styrenic polymer through acylation and grafting under microwave energy

Coustet, Marcos; Cortizo, M. Susana

doi:10.1038/pj.2010.131

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The reported absorption bands of PMMA and other tested lithographic polymers are usually in the UV spectral regime363738. As previously reported293042434445, the intramolecular energy transfer, defect sites, microscopic molecular restructuring, or peroxidation can affect the polymers absorption band, allowing polymer molecules being possibly excited outside their main absorption bands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Subsurface Super-resolution Imaging of Unstained Polymer Nanostructures

Urban

Dong

Nguyen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Optical imaging has offered unique advantages in material researches, such as spectroscopy and lifetime measurements of deeply embedded materials, which cannot be matched using electron or scanning-probe microscopy. Unfortunately, conventional optical imaging cannot provide the spatial resolutions necessary for many nanoscopic studies. Despite recent rapid progress, super-resolution optical imaging has yet to be widely applied to non-biological materials. Herein we describe a method for nanoscopic optical imaging of buried polymer nanostructures without the need for extrinsic staining. We observed intrinsic stochastic fluorescence emission or blinking from unstained polymers and performed spatial-temporal spectral analysis to investigate its origin. We further applied photon localization super-resolution imaging reconstruction to the detected stochastic blinking, and achieved a spatial resolution of at least 100 nm, which corresponds to a six-fold increase over the optical diffraction limit. This work demonstrates the potential for studying the static heterogeneities of intrinsic polymer molecular-specific properties at sub-diffraction-limited optical resolutions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S2). The reported absorption band of PMMA and PS is less than 350 nm3637, while the main absorption peak of SU-8 is also reported to be less than 350 nm with lower absorption in the visible range38. However, our results indicate that these polymers exhibit sparse blinking in the visible spectral range when excited by a 532-nm illumination beam.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Super-resolution Imaging of Unstained Polymer Nanostructures

Urban

Dong

Nguyen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[33][34][35][36] Tr aditionally,F riedel-Crafts alkylations or acylations on polymers result in significant broadening of the molecular-weight distribution (MWD) even at low amounts of functionalization as ac onsequence of chain scission caused by the harsh reaction conditions. [37] Recent studies have investigated alternative Lewis acids, [31] modified order of addition, [31] and used microwave conditions [38] to limit deleterious side reactions.…”

Section: Aromatic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

C−H Functionalization of Commodity Polymers

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synthetic manipulation of polymer substrates is one of the oldest and most reliable methods to increase the functional diversity of soft materials. Modifying the chemical structure of polymers that are already produced on a commodity scale leverages the current high‐volume and low‐cost production of commodity plastics for the discovery of modern materials. A myriad of polymer C−H functionalization methods have been developed which enable the modification of material properties on both a laboratory and industrial scale. More recently, driven by advances in C−H activation, photoredox catalysis, and radical chemistry, chemoselective approaches have emerged as a means to impart precise functionality onto commodity polymer substrates. This Review discusses the historical significance of and contemporary advances in the C−H functionalization of commodity polymers. The conceptual approach outlined herein presents exciting new directions for the field, including increasing the value of otherwise pervasive materials, uncovering entirely new material properties, and a viable path to upcycle post‐consumer plastic waste.

show abstract

“…Üblicherweise führen Friedel‐Crafts‐Alkylierungen oder ‐Acylierungen an Polymeren selbst bei einem geringen Funktionalisierungsanteil zu einer erheblichen Verbreiterung der Molekulargewichtsverteilung (MWD, molecular weight distribution) infolge der durch harsche Reaktionsbedingungen verursachten Kettenspaltung . In aktuellen Versuchen wurden alternative Lewis‐Säuren erforscht, es wurde die Reihenfolge der Zugabe verändert, und es wurden Mikrowellenbedingungen angewendet, um nachteilige Nebenreaktionen zu beschränken.…”

Section: Aromatische Polymereunclassified

C‐H‐Funktionalisierung von Standardpolymeren

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Die präparative Modifizierung von Polymersubstraten ist eine der ältesten und zuverlässigsten Methoden zur Erhöhung der funktionellen Vielfalt von weichen Materialien. Bei der Modifizierung der chemischen Struktur von Polymeren, die bereits in großem Maßstab hergestellt werden, wird die jetzige kostengünstige Massenproduktion von Standardkunststoffen für die Erschließung moderner Materialien genutzt. Es wurden unzählige Methoden zur C‐H‐Funktionalisierung von Polymeren entwickelt, die die Modifizierung von Materialeigenschaften sowohl im Labormaßstab als auch im industriellen Maßstab ermöglichen. Vorangetrieben durch Fortschritte bei der C‐H‐Aktivierung, in der Photoredoxkatalyse und in der Radikalchemie, haben sich in letzter Zeit chemoselektive Methoden zu einem Weg entwickelt, um Standardpolymersubstraten eine bestimmte Funktionalität zu verleihen. Dieser Aufsatz erörtert die historische Bedeutung und die aktuellen Fortschritte der C‐H‐Funktionalisierung von Standardpolymeren. Der konzeptionelle Ansatz, über den hier ein Überblick gegeben wird, verspricht interessante neue Entwicklungsrichtungen für das Gebiet, einschließlich der Erhöhung des Wertes von überall vorhandenen Materialien, der Entdeckung vollkommen neuer Materialeigenschaften und der Einführung eines gangbaren Weges für das Upcycling von nach Gebrauch anfallenden Kunststoffabfällen.

show abstract

Functionalization of styrenic polymer through acylation and grafting under microwave energy

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Subsurface Super-resolution Imaging of Unstained Polymer Nanostructures

Subsurface Super-resolution Imaging of Unstained Polymer Nanostructures

C−H Functionalization of Commodity Polymers

C‐H‐Funktionalisierung von Standardpolymeren

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About