Functionalisation of aligned carbon nanotubes with nitric acid vapour

Shulga, Eugene; Põhako, Kaija; Treshchalov, Alexey; Joost, Urmas; Kisand, Vambola; Kink, Ilmar

doi:10.1049/mnl.2011.0357

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In fact, most of post-growth chemical treatments are based on strong oxidizing agents and harsh reaction conditions, which generally lead to structural damages on the CNTs, including fracture and formation of oxygenated functional groups [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation, Growth Mechanism, and Controlled Coating of ZnO ALD onto Vertically Aligned N-Doped CNTs

et al. 2016

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Zinc oxide thin films were deposited on vertically aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from diethylzinc and water. The study demonstrates that doping CNTs with nitrogen is an effective approach for the "activation" of the CNTs surface for the ALD of metal oxides. Conformal ZnO coatings are already obtained after 50 ALD cycles, whereas at lower ALD cycles an island growth mode is observed. Moreover, the process allows for a uniform growth from the top to the bottom of the vertically aligned N-CNT arrays. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrates that ZnO nucleation takes place at the N-containing species on the surface of the CNTs by the formation of the Zn-N bonds at the interface between the CNTs and the ZnO film.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation, Growth Mechanism, and Controlled Coating of ZnO ALD onto Vertically Aligned N-Doped CNTs

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, in spite of all advantages of A-CNTs, their functionalisation remains a challenge because of the difficulty in preserving the desirable alignment. E. Shulga et al [19] applied an acid vapour gasphase functionalisation to aligned CNTs using a reactor heated to a defined temperature which preserved the morphology of A-CNTs. However, reaction parameters must be carefully selected in this approach because a too aggressive treatment can easily lead to unwanted results and also a special reactor configuration is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Growth of Well-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes, Electrochemical Modification and Electrodeposition of Multiple Shapes of Gold Nanostructures

Fayazfar¹,

Afshar²,

Abolghasem³

2013

MSA

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An efficient method has been developed to synthesize well-aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on a conductive Ta substrate by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Free-standing MWCNTs arrays were functionalized through electrochemical oxidation with the formation of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups. Using a new oven drying technique, we demonstrate that the unidirectionally aligned and laterally spaced geometry of the CNT arrays can be retained after being subjected to each step of electrochemical modification. Samples were analyzed by using a field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Useful electrochemical methods for the synthesis of various gold nanostructures onto the aligned MWCNTs were then presented for the first time. The results demonstrated that flowerlike nanoparticle arrays, nanosheets and nanoflowers were obtained on the aligned CNTs under different experimental conditions. These kinds of aligned-CNT/Au nanostructures hybrid materials introduced by these efficient and simple electrochemical methods could lead to development of a new generation device for ultrasensitive catalytic and biological application.

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“…% for B-SWCNT. The prepared samples show five separate peaks corresponding to sp 2 carbon (284.3 eV), sp 3 carbon (285.5 eV), C–O (286.5 eV), CO (287.5 eV), and COOH (289.5 eV) (Figure d–f). − The deconvolution of the C 1s XPS spectra indicate that the concentration of C–O group significantly decreased by 16.0% after hydrogen thermal reduction at 150 °C, whereas the concentrations of CO and COOH changed insignificantly (Figure e and Table S3). Meanwhile, the peak intensities for sp 3 , C–O, and CO groups decreased in the XPS spectra when B-SWCNTs were annealed at a reduction temperature of 400 °C (B-SWCNTs-TA400, Figure f and Table S3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Highly Exfoliated and Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Fast-Charging, High-Capacity Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries

Park

Lee

Cho

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Compared with traditional metal-oxide lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathodes, nanocarbon-based cathode materials have received much attention for potential application in LIBs because of their superior power density and long-term cyclability. However, their lithium-ion storage capacity needs further improvement for practical applications, and the trade-off between capacity and conductivity, when oxygen functional groups as lithium-ion storage sites are introduced to the nanocarbon materials, needs to be addressed. Here, we report a sequential oxidation–reduction process for the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for LIB cathodes with fast charging, long-term cyclability, and high gravimetric capacity. A LIB cathode based on highly exfoliated (d bundle < 10 nm) and oxygen-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes is obtained via the modified Brodie’s method using fuming nitric acid and a mild oxidant (B-SWCNTs). Post treatment including horn sonication and hydrogen thermal reduction developed surface defects and removed the unnecessary C–O groups, resulting in an increase in the Li-ion storage capacity. The B-SWCNTs exhibit a high reversible gravimetric capacity of 344 mA h g–1 at 0.1 A g–1 without noticeable capacity fading after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, it delivers a high gravimetric energy density of 797 W h kgelectrode –1 at a low gravimetric power density of 300 W kgelectrode –1 and retains its high gravimetric energy density of ∼100 W h kgelectrode –1 at a high gravimetric power of 105 W kgelectrode –1. These results suggest that the highly exfoliated, oxygen-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes can be applied to LIBs designed for high-rate operations and long cycling.

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Functionalisation of aligned carbon nanotubes with nitric acid vapour

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Nucleation, Growth Mechanism, and Controlled Coating of ZnO ALD onto Vertically Aligned N-Doped CNTs

Nucleation, Growth Mechanism, and Controlled Coating of ZnO ALD onto Vertically Aligned N-Doped CNTs

Controlled Growth of Well-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes, Electrochemical Modification and Electrodeposition of Multiple Shapes of Gold Nanostructures

Highly Exfoliated and Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Fast-Charging, High-Capacity Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries

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