Functional Update of the Auxiliary Proteins PsbW, PsbY, HCF136, PsbN, TerC and ALB3 in Maintenance and Assembly of PSII

Abstract

Assembly of Photosystem (PS) II in plants has turned out to be a highly complex process which, at least in part, occurs in a sequential order and requires many more auxiliary proteins than subunits present in the complex. Owing to the high evolutionary conservation of the subunit composition and the three-dimensional structure of the PSII complex, most plant factors involved in the biogenesis of PSII originated from cyanobacteria and only rarely evolved de novo. Furthermore, in chloroplasts the initial assembly steps occur in the non-appressed stroma lamellae, whereas the final assembly including the attachment of the major LHCII antenna proteins takes place in the grana regions. The stroma lamellae are also the place where part of PSII repair occurs, which very likely also involves assembly factors. In cyanobacteria initial PSII assembly also occurs in the thylakoid membrane, in so-called thylakoid centers, which are in contact with the plasma membrane. Here, we provide an update on the structures, localisations, topologies, functions, expression and interactions of the low molecular mass PSII subunits PsbY, PsbW and the auxiliary factors HCF136, PsbN, TerC and ALB3, assisting in PSII complex assembly and protein insertion into the thylakoid membrane.

Mg‐dechelatase is involved in the formation of photosystem II but not in chlorophyll degradation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

“…CP43 incorporates into RC47 and is followed by an association of extrinsic oxygen-evolving complexes. Finally, in green plants, the PSII core complex dimerizes and binds to LHCII to form PSII supercomplexes (Komenda et al, 2012;Nickelsen and Rengstl, 2013;Plochinger et al, 2016).…”

Association between blooming time and climatic adaptation in Prunus mume

“…Transcription factor Pur‐alpha 1 specifically binds the purine‐rich double‐stranded telomeric repeated sequence 5′‐AAACCCTAA‐3′ found in promoter telo boxes (Tremousaygue, Manevski, Bardet, Lescure, & Lescure, ) and the ethylene‐responsive transcription factor RAP2‐12. Finally, mostly the protein and enzyme genes, such as photosystem II core complex proteins psbY (Plochinger, Schwenkert, Sydow, Schroder, & Meurer, ), protein phytochrome kinase substrate 4 (PKS4) (Fankhauser & Christie, ), and light‐inducible protein CPRF2, participate in the light reaction (Monir & Zhu, ). Abscisic acid‐insensitive 5‐like protein 1 (Wang, Li, Mao, Li, & Jing, ), ethylene‐responsive transcription factor RAP2‐12 (Kosmacz et al, ), auxin‐induced protein AUX28‐like (Xie et al, ), and auxin‐induced protein 22D‐like (Han et al, ) take part in plant growth and development regulated by plant hormones.…”

Deep genomic analysis of the Chlorella sorokiniana SAG 211-8k chloroplast

“…Genomic inspections and alignments of the psbY amino acid sequence revealed that the protein is present in all photosynthetic plants, in some algal chloroplasts (formerly ycf32) and also in various cyanobacteria (formerly identified as psbY, ycf32 or Sml0007) (Gau et al, 1998). In higher plants, psbY is nuclear-encoded and targeted to the thylakoids (Plöchinger et al, 2016). Four genes, chlB, I, L, N, are conserved as well as 11 small hydrophobic proteins (psbH, I, J, K, L, M, T, X, Y, Z and ycf12) involved in photosynthesis that are well conserved from Cyanobacteria (Inoue-Kashino et al, 2011) to higher plants (Shi & Schroder, 2004;Kashino et al, 2007;Iwai et al, 2010).…”