Functional THz emitters based on Pancharatnam-Berry phase nonlinear metasurfaces

McDonnell, Cormac; Deng, Junhong; Sideris, Symeon; Ellenbogen, Tal; Li, Guixin

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20283-0

Cited by 89 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Gennaro et al [193] demonstrated nonlinear diffraction of FWM, finding corrections to the dipole approximation of the PB phase for composite meta-atoms [Fig. 14(f [194] demonstrated spatial and temporal shaping of THz waves generated via DFG (second order optical rectification), using functional nonlinear PB metasurfaces [Fig. 14(g)].…”

Section: Nonlinear Pancharatnam-berry Beam Steering Beam Shaping and Holographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14(g)]. Interestingly, for FWM and DFG, more intricate selection rules arise [193,194], that are based on the symmetry of the meta-atoms and conservation of spin-angular momentum [176]. In this context, the authors of Ref.…”

Section: Nonlinear Pancharatnam-berry Beam Steering Beam Shaping and Holographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, the authors of Ref. [194] used an initial linear polarization for the pump field, since for a pure circular polarization the THz conversion process was forbidden by the selection rules.…”

Section: Nonlinear Pancharatnam-berry Beam Steering Beam Shaping and Holographymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The geometric phase in nonlinear frequency conversion

Karnieli

Arie

2021

Front. Phys.

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The geometric phase of light has been demonstrated in various platforms of the linear optical regime, raising interest both for fundamental science as well as applications, such as flat optical elements. Recently, the concept of geometric phases has been extended to nonlinear optics, following advances in engineering both bulk nonlinear photonic crystals and nonlinear metasurfaces. These new technologies offer a great promise of applications for nonlinear manipulation of light. In this review, we cover the recent theoretical and experimental advances in the field of geometric phases accompanying nonlinear frequency conversion. We first consider the case of bulk nonlinear photonic crystals, in which the interaction between propagating waves is quasi-phase-matched, with an engineerable geometric phase accumulated by the light. Nonlinear photonic crystals can offer efficient and robust frequency conversion in both the linearized and fully-nonlinear regimes of interaction, and allow for several applications including adiabatic mode conversion, electromagnetic nonreciprocity and novel topological effects for light. We then cover the rapidly-growing field of nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry metasurfaces, which allow the simultaneous nonlinear generation and shaping of light by using ultrathin optical elements with subwavelength phase and amplitude resolution. We discuss the macroscopic selection rules that depend on the rotational symmetry of the constituent meta-atoms, the order of the harmonic generations, and the change in circular polarization. Continuous geometric phase gradients allow the steering of light beams and shaping of their spatial modes. More complex designs perform nonlinear imaging and multiplex nonlinear holograms, where the functionality is varied according to the generated harmonic order and polarization. Recent advancements in the fabrication of three dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals, as well as the pursuit of quantum light sources based on nonlinear metasurfaces, offer exciting new possibilities for novel nonlinear optical applications based on geometric phases.

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Section: Nonlinear Pancharatnam-berry Beam Steering Beam Shaping and Holographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonlinear Pancharatnam-berry Beam Steering Beam Shaping and Holographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonlinear Pancharatnam-berry Beam Steering Beam Shaping and Holographymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The geometric phase in nonlinear frequency conversion

Karnieli

Arie

2021

Front. Phys.

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“…Terahertz (THz) waves located at the special frequency range of 0.1–10 THz on electromagnetic wave spectrum possess various excellent properties, visualizing the formation of the basis for future intelligent perception and imaging, [ 1–3 ] the next‐generation high‐speed wireless communications, [ 4–7 ] and so on. Rapid progresses on developing high‐energy THz sources, [ 8,9 ] ultrasensitive detectors, [ 10–13 ] and various functional devices [ 14–19 ] enable THz technologies to walk out from laboratories to serve significant strategic needs possible. Among numerous important demands, THz radars and communication [ 4–7 ] are one of most likely to be wide‐spread applied soon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Nickel Skeletons as Ultrabroadband Terahertz Absorbers

Yang

Dai

Xiong

et al. 2021

Adv Elect Materials

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Recent advances in terahertz (THz) absorbing materials and technology show futuristic potentials for practical applications in THz radars and telecommunications, stealth and shielding. However, the lack of versatile materials naturally working in this specific electromagnetic wave region with simultaneously featuring high absorption efficiencies, ultrabroad bandwidths, low‐costs, good stabilities, and flexibilities, is impeding the proliferation of real THz disruptive applications. Here a kind of flexible structure material, 3D nickel (Ni) skeleton, fabricated from an electroplating sintering method with irregular pore distribution makes possible the successful realization of a highly absorbing response for ultrabroadband THz waves due to the effective combination of both material and structural absorption mechanisms. 3D Ni skeletons with 90 ppi nonuniform pore‐size ranges enable >99% absorption capabilities in the frequency range of 0.5–2.0 THz independent on both the THz incidence angles and polarizations. Experimental validation of THz shielding implemented on both 100 GHz and 4.3 THz video imaging systems corroborates the highly efficient absorbing with frequency expansibility. Such capabilities are further verified on millimeter‐wave security checkers for 32–36 GHz. This prototypical demonstration lays the foundation for the next‐generation THz absorbing technology, accelerating advanced THz technologies toward practical applications.

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Nonlinear Terahertz Generation: Chiral and Achiral Meta‐Atom Coupling

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Generation and manipulation of terahertz (THz) waves are of vital importance for advancing THz technology. Nonlinear metasurfaces allow effective integration of both processes into a single compact device. However, such existing THz devices commonly rely on utilizing a single meta‐atom, which has fixed THz generation properties and thus limits the range of achievable functionalities. Here, it is demonstrate how coupling between different meta‐atoms within the unit‐cell can be used as a degree of freedom for controlling nonlinear THz generation, where achiral coupling provides full control over the amplitude of the generated THz field, while chiral coupling makes the THz generation sensitive to the handedness of the pump polarization. In particular, chiral coupling allows the realization of multiplexed pump‐handedness‐selective nonlinear metasurfaces, which is illustrated experimentally by selectively generating THz beams with different orbital angular momentum with a single nonlinear metasurface. This approach provides opportunities for developing various integrated nonlinear THz devices.

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Functional THz emitters based on Pancharatnam-Berry phase nonlinear metasurfaces

Cited by 89 publications

References 39 publications

The geometric phase in nonlinear frequency conversion

The geometric phase in nonlinear frequency conversion

3D Nickel Skeletons as Ultrabroadband Terahertz Absorbers

Nonlinear Terahertz Generation: Chiral and Achiral Meta‐Atom Coupling

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