Functional surfaces for exosomes capturing and exosomal microRNAs analysis

The Neuromuscular Disorder Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

“…Their tissue-specific expression patterns make EXOmotifs and, more in general, miRNAs promising biomarkers for both diagnostic and prognostic interventions [ 106 ]. Monitoring these molecules can occur through their direct detection in biological fluids or by capturing the vesicles containing them [ 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 ]. The latter is particularly interesting, as exosomes are regarded as biomarkers with enormous potential for diagnosing, tracking, and treating various diseases.…”

“…Exosomes are present in almost all body fluids, with their cargoes changing under physiological or pathological conditions, making them ideal as cell signaling mediators and sources of diverse biomarkers. Conventional exosome isolation methods are often expensive and inefficient, yielding vesicle-enriched solutions but containing unwanted components [ 109 , 112 ]. Developing sensors/biosensors could overcome these limitations, facilitating the widespread use of liquid biopsy-based analysis in clinical practice, although this has only been sporadically explored.…”

“…Developing sensors/biosensors could overcome these limitations, facilitating the widespread use of liquid biopsy-based analysis in clinical practice, although this has only been sporadically explored. In one example [ 109 ], sensing platforms were developed by functionalizing silicon oxide substrates with different receptors to capture exosomes. Functional assays were conducted to test these sensors using both exosome-mimicking vesicles and exosomes isolated from cell supernatants.…”