Functional surface modifications of a high capacity layered Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode

Li, Jun; Manthiram, Arumugam

doi:10.1039/b925711j

Cited by 257 publications

(168 citation statements)

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“…The in-situ cell was then assembled in the same away as coin cells. The cell was cycled at a rate of C/100 between 3.0-4.4 V for two cycles using the E-one Moli charger system, while diffraction patterns were collected in the scattering angle (2θ) range of [17][18][19][20] • Ex-situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.-Pouch cells with electrolyte containing 2% VC were discharged to ∼0 V after 200 cycles (between 3-4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4 V with a rate of C/5) and then disassembled. The electrodes were rinsed with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (99%, Sigma) to remove any residual electrolyte.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The layered lithium Ni-Mn-Co oxides Li 1+x (Ni y Mn z Co (1-y-z) ) 1-x O 2 (NMC) are considered to be promising positive electrode materials. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] In our previous report 24 and in numerous literature reports, 6,14,16,17,19,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] it has been shown that the electrochemical performance of these lithium-rich layered materials is dependent on their structure and composition. The lithium-rich manganese-rich NMC materials with excess lithium in the transition metal layer can have extraordinary high specific capacity of more than 250 mAh/g with an average potential of ∼3.6 V (vs. Li + /Li) after an irreversible oxygen release activation process at ∼4.5 V (vs. Li + /Li).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Downie

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

431

372

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LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 (NMC811) can deliver a high capacity of ∼200 mAh/g with an average discharge potential of ∼3.8 V (vs. Li + /Li), making it a promising positive electrode material for high energy density lithium ion batteries. However, electrochemical tests from half cells and full cells show poor cycling performance when charged to potentials above 4.2 V. The calendar and cycle lifetimes of cells are affected by the structural stability of the active electrode materials as well as the parasitic reactions that occur in lithium ion batteries. In order to explore the major failure mechanisms of the material, half cells (coin cells) with control electrolyte and full cells (pouch cells) with control electrolyte and with selected electrolyte additives were tested over four different potential ranges. Isothermal microcalorimetry was used to explore the parasitic reactions and their potential dependence. In-situ and ex-situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the structural and morphological degradation of the materials over cycling. It was found that the dramatic c-axis change of the active material during charge and discharge may not be the major problem for cells that are cycled to higher potentials. The parasitic reactions that arise from the interactions between the electrolyte and the highly reactive delithiated cathode surface at high potentials are suggested as the main reason for the failure of cells cycled above 4.2 V. It should be possible to further improve the performance of NMC811 at high potentials by modifying the cathode surface and/or identifying and using electrolyte blends which reduce parasitic reactions. High energy density lithium ion batteries (LIBs) that are cheaper, safer, and with longer lifetimes need to be developed in order to meet the increasing demand for applications such as electric vehicles and large scale stationary energy storage. The energy density of LIBs can be increased by increasing the specific capacity and average potential of the cells. The calendar and cycle lifetimes of cells are affected by the structural stability of the active electrode materials as well as the parasitic reactions that occur in lithium ion batteries. The degree of lithium utilization of LiCoO 2 is limited to ∼70% in order avoid the O3 -H1-3 -O1 phase transformation when charged above 4.45 V.1 Parasitic reactions such as electrolyte oxidation at the cathode-electrolyte interface can ultimately cause cell failure.2-5 The rate of the parasitic reactions is related to both the catalytic role of the cathode surface which depends on its composition and surface area, 3,6 as well as on the stability of the electrolyte.2-5 Methods such as the use of electrolyte additives 7-11 and core-shell positive electrode materials [12][13][14] have been developed and studied to reduce the rate and extent of parasitic reactions, and hence increase capacity retention and lifetime of high-voltage Li-ion cells. The layered lithium Ni-Mn-Co oxides Li 1+x (Ni y Mn z Co (1-y-z) ) 1...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Downie

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

431

372

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“…6 Moreover, coating on other materials shows that a RuO 2 surface layer facilitates fast electron transfer as well as fast Li + ion diffusion. 7 Experimental studies on the kinetic characteristics of Li ions in this material have been reported, [8][9][10] yet to the best of our knowledge, no theoretical investigation involving quantitative analyses of the diffusion process at the atomic level has been carried out. To better design electrode materials with enhanced capacity and charge/discharge speeds, it is important to systematically identify and quantify the effective pathways for Li diffusion and the associated diffusivities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density functional theory study of the mechanism of Li diffusion in rutile RuO2

2014

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“…The general consensus in the field of Li-ion batteries is that functional surface coatings and the modification of electrodes by lattice doping may play a critical role in improving their electrochemical properties, cycle life and thermal behavior. A wide variety of materials was investigated for use as coatings, including the metal oxides SnO, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , MgO and ZrO 2 [44][45][46][47], fluorides such as AlF 3 and ZrF x [48,49], and phosphates such as AlPO 4 [50]. Recently, we studied the structural characteristics and electrochemical behavior of electrodes comprising Li-and Mn-rich Li x [MnNiCo]O 2 cathode materials (prepared at BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) with the stoichiometry of xLi 2 MnO 3 ·(1 − x)LiMn y Ni z Co w O 2 at 60 • C (x is in the range 0.4-0.5, and the y:z:w ratio was already reported, coated with AlF 3 (about 2-3 wt %)) [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and New Challenges

et al. 2017

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Amongst a number of different cathode materials, the layered nickel-rich LiNi y Co x Mn 1−y−x O 2 and the integrated lithium-rich xLi 2 MnO 3 ·(1 − x)Li[Ni a Co b Mn c ]O 2 (a + b + c = 1) have received considerable attention over the last decade due to their high capacities of~195 and~250 mAh·g −1 , respectively. Both materials are believed to play a vital role in the development of future electric vehicles, which makes them highly attractive for researchers from academia and industry alike. The review at hand deals with both cathode materials and highlights recent achievements to enhance capacity stability, voltage stability, and rate capability, etc. The focus of this paper is on novel strategies and established methods such as coatings and dopings.

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Functional surface modifications of a high capacity layered Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode

Cited by 257 publications

References 39 publications

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Density functional theory study of the mechanism of Li diffusion in rutile RuO2

Study of Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and New Challenges

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Functional surface modifications of a high capacity layered Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 cathode

Cited by 257 publications

References 39 publications

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Density functional theory study of the mechanism of Li diffusion in rutile RuO2

Study of Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and New Challenges

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Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries