1469CHEST ments. [7][8][9] Immobility, depression, and cognitive and neuromuscular impairments have been postulated as risk factors for long-term PF impairment in survivors of critical illness. 10 Post-ICU PF impairments are a major burden for patients, their families, and the health-care system because of high rates of institutionalization, frequent repeat hospitalizations, and other increased health-care services use. 10 There has been enhanced interest in studying the etiology, pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of PF impairment of ICU survivors, 11 punctuated by the publication of three systematic reviews (SRs) in this fi eld. 12-14 Two of these reviews focused on describing the frequency, clinical features, and short-term outcomes (mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of hospitalization) related to the occurrence of neuromuscular abnormalities related M ore than 4 million ICU admissions occur annually in the United States. 1 ICU beds account for 10% of all hospital beds and result in at least 20% of hospital operating costs amounting to $90 billion annually. 2 Since our population is progressively aging, and most ICU patients are . 65 years of age, ICU care is expected to keep expanding in the next 2 decades. 3,4 This increase in the numbers of critically ill patients, along with improvement in ICU mortality, is creating a growing number of ICU survivors. 5 ICU survivors suffer from a variety of serious sequelae following their ICU stay, including late mortality, ongoing morbidity, neurocognitive defects, impaired mental health, poor functional capabilities, decreased quality of life, and decreased return to work and usual activities. 6 Up to 69% of ICU survivors have clinically important long-term physical function (PF) impair-