Functional roles of abdominal and back muscles during isometric axial rotation of the trunk

Ng, Joseph Kim Fai; Parnianpour, Mohamad; Richardson, Carolyn A.; Kippers, Vaughan

doi:10.1016/s0736-0266(00)90027-5

Cited by 95 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The average T max of the neck muscles has been estimated at 15 Nm in males and 6 Nm in females (Vasavada et al 1998). The average T max of the trunk muscles has been estimated at 97 Nm in standing males and 60 Nm in females (Kumar and Panjabi 1995;Kumar et al 2001;McGill and Hoodless 1990;Ng et al, 2001;Perez and Nussbaum 2002). Finally, the average T max of internal hip rotation has been estimated to be 60% of that of the trunk in males and 65% in females (Stoll et al 2000).…”

Section: Relation Between Axial Torque and The Level Of Tonementioning

confidence: 99%

Postural Muscle Tone in the Body Axis of Healthy Humans

Gurfinkel¹,

Cacciatore²,

Cordo³

et al. 2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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muscle tone in the body axis of healthy humans. J Neurophysiol 96: 2678 -2687, 2006. First published July 12, 2006 doi:10.1152/jn.00406.2006. Across the entire human body, postural tone might play its most critical role in the body's axis because the axis joins the four limbs and head into a single functioning unit during complex motor tasks as well as in static postures. Although postural tone is commonly viewed as low-level, tonic motor activity, we hypothesized that postural tone is both tonically and dynamically regulated in the human axis even during quiet stance. Our results describe the vertical distribution of postural muscle tone in the neck, trunk, and hips of standing human adults. Each subject stood blindfolded on a platform that axially rotated the neck, trunk, or pelvis at 1°/s and Ϯ10°relative to the neutral position (i.e., facing forward). The measured resistance to axial rotation was highest in the trunk and lowest in the neck and was characterized by several nonlinear features including short-range stiffness and hysteresis. In half of the subjects, axial muscle activity was relatively constant during axial rotation, and in the other half, muscle activity was modulated by lengthening and shortening reactions, i.e., decreasing activity in lengthening muscles and increasing activity in shortening muscles, respectively. Axial resistance to rotation was reduced in subjects whose muscle activity was modulated. The results indicate that axial tone is modulated sensitively and dynamically, this control originates, at least in part, from tonic lengthening and shortening reactions, and a similar type of control appears to exist for postural tone in the proximal muscles of the arm.

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Section: Relation Between Axial Torque and The Level Of Tonementioning

confidence: 99%

Postural Muscle Tone in the Body Axis of Healthy Humans

Gurfinkel¹,

Cacciatore²,

Cordo³

et al. 2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…This implies that trunk muscles create a twisting moment that is opposite to the moment resulting from the push-off forces. External oblique (EO) and internal oblique (IO) muscles are the main contributors to twisting moments (Dumas et al, 1991;Ng et al, 2001;Kumar et al, 2003) and these muscles are cyclically active during normal gait (Callaghan et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oblique abdominal muscle activity in response to external perturbations when pushing a cart

Lee¹,

Hoozemans²,

Dieën³

2010

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…This result may imply that RA did not have a direct functional role in sustaining ASLR in different hip positions in frontal plane in healthy subjects. A previous study also reported that rectus abdominis showed no functional role during isometric axial rotation of the trunk (Ng et al, 2001). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effects of Three Different Hip Positions in Frontal Plane on Activity of Abdominal Muscles During Active Straight-Leg Raise

Yoon¹,

Kim²

2013

Physical Therapy Korea

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1)Active straight-leg raise (ASLR) is a physical evaluation procedure to test lumbar spine stability. Several previous studies have reported various methods to control the activation of abdominal muscles during ASLR. We investigated the effects of three different hip positions in frontal plane on abdominal muscles to increase or decrease the difficulty level of lumbar spine stability exercise during ASLR in pain free subjects. Eleven young and healthy subjects voluntarily participated in this study (6 men, 5 women; mean age=24.0±1.2 years, height=160.0±7.3 ㎝, weight=55.0±10.6 ㎏, body mass index=21.5±2.3 ㎏/㎡). The subjects had three trials on each ASLR with hip 10°adduction, neutral hip, and hip 30°abduction. Separate repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Bonferroni tests (with α =.05/3=.017) were performed for each muscle among the three different hip positions in frontal plane (ASLR with hip 10°adduction, neutral hip, and hip 30°abduction). The ipsilateral external oblique (EO), contralateral EO, ipsilateral internal oblique/transverse abdominis (IO/TrA), and contralateral IO/TrA were significantly greater in ASLR with hip 30°abduction compared with ASLR with hip 10°adduction. Also, the ipsilateral EO, contralateral EO, and ipsilateral IO/TrA were significantly greater in ASLR with hip 30°abduction compared with ASLR with neutral hip. These results suggest that ASLR with hip 30°a bduction and neutral would be useful method to strengthen the EO and IO/TrA. And, ASLR with hip 10°adduction would be effective in early stages of lumbar stabilization program due to low activation of EO and IO/TrA during maintaining of ASLR position with low load.

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Functional roles of abdominal and back muscles during isometric axial rotation of the trunk

Cited by 95 publications

References 47 publications

Postural Muscle Tone in the Body Axis of Healthy Humans

Postural Muscle Tone in the Body Axis of Healthy Humans

Oblique abdominal muscle activity in response to external perturbations when pushing a cart

Effects of Three Different Hip Positions in Frontal Plane on Activity of Abdominal Muscles During Active Straight-Leg Raise

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