Functional roles and novel tools for improving‐oxidative stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids: A comprehensive review

Islam, Fakhar; Imran, Ali; Nosheen, Farhana; Fatima, Maleeha; Arshad, Muhammad Umair; Afzaal, Muhammad; Ijaz, Nosheen; Noreen, Rabia; Mehta, Shilpa; Biswas, Sunanda; Rasool, Izza Faiz ul; Aslam, Muhammad; Usman, Ifrah; Zahra, Syeda Mahvish; Segueni, Narimane; Ali, Yuosra Amer

doi:10.1002/fsn3.3272

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Higher ƩMUFA and ƩPUFA values were recorded in both fish species caught at the VRO site, which makes fish potentially vulnerable to peroxidative attack due to the large amounts of PUFAs in their tissues [ 58 ]. The main reason for the changes in PUFAs is that they could be oxidized under oxidative stress conditions induced by metals or other compounds [ 59 , 60 ]. Metal ions are directly or indirectly involved in lipid peroxidation reactions and enhanced free radical formation [ 22 , 61 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Trace Elements on the Fatty Acid Composition in Danubian Fish Species

Jovičić,

Djikanović,

Santrač

et al. 2024

Animals

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In this study, the concentrations of metals and trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) were determined in the muscle tissue of adult roach and white bream at two different sites in the Belgrade section of the Danube. Twenty-six fatty acids, consisting of nine saturated FA (SFAs), seven monosaturated FA (MUFAs) and ten polysaturated FA (PUFAs), were identified. The analysis of the concentration of metals and trace elements of the roach and white bream showed species-specific differences in their bioaccumulation. Four of all elements analyzed (As, Hg, Ni and Pb) correlated significantly with the changes in FA profiles in fish from both sampling sites, with the exception of Cu, which correlated with the FA profile at the site before, and Zn, whose concentration influenced the FA profile at the site after wastewater discharges. The lower PUFA content in the fish from a site under higher environment pressure could indicate that the fish are stressed. The results suggest that changes in lipid composition may be one of the protective mechanisms of cells to cope with anthropogenic stressors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Trace Elements on the Fatty Acid Composition in Danubian Fish Species

Jovičić,

Djikanović,

Santrač

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…Historically, omega-3 supplements were derived from fatty fish species such as salmon, mullet, and mackerel. However, increased fish demand due to the expansion of aquaculture, pressure on dwindling marine species, and marine pollution have prompted the search for alternative omega-3 PUFA sources ( 94 ). In light of these concerns, sources such as seeds, herbs, genetically engineered plants, microalgae, macroalgae, and thraustochytrids are now being investigated for the development of vegan omega-3 PUFA commercial products ( 83 ).…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipids are prone to oxidation, leading to the formation of unsaturated carbonyls and harmful by-products during extraction, storage, and processing ( 95 ). With a shift in consumer preferences towards natural products over synthetic ones, there has been an increased emphasis on incorporating natural antioxidants ( 94 ). Micro- and nano-encapsulation presents an effective strategy for shielding core PUFAs from oxygen, light, and transition metals, thereby improving their oxidative stability and bioactivities ( 96 ).…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmunological effects of omega-3 fatty acids on migraine: a review

Chen,

Yang,

Tsai

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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Migraine is a highly prevalent disease worldwide, imposing enormous clinical and economic burdens on individuals and societies. Current treatments exhibit limited efficacy and acceptability, highlighting the need for more effective and safety prophylactic approaches, including the use of nutraceuticals for migraine treatment. Migraine involves interactions within the central and peripheral nervous systems, with significant activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system (TVS) in pain generation and transmission. The condition is influenced by genetic predispositions and environmental factors, leading to altered sensory processing. The neuroinflammatory response is increasingly recognized as a key event underpinning the pathophysiology of migraine, involving a complex neuro-glio-vascular interplay. This interplay is partially mediated by neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene receptor peptide (CGRP), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and/or cortical spreading depression (CSD) and involves oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome formation, activated microglia, and reactive astrocytes. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), crucial for the nervous system, mediate various physiological functions. Omega-3 PUFAs offer cardiovascular, neurological, and psychiatric benefits due to their potent anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, antioxidant, and neuromodulatory properties, which modulate neuroinflammation, neurogenic inflammation, pain transmission, enhance mitochondrial stability, and mood regulation. Moreover, specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a class of PUFA-derived lipid mediators, regulate pro-inflammatory and resolution pathways, playing significant anti-inflammatory and neurological roles, which in turn may be beneficial in alleviating the symptomatology of migraine. Omega-3 PUFAs impact various neurobiological pathways and have demonstrated a lack of major adverse events, underscoring their multifaceted approach and safety in migraine management. Although not all omega-3 PUFAs trials have shown beneficial in reducing the symptomatology of migraine, further research is needed to fully establish their clinical efficacy and understand the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of omega-3 PUFAs and PUFA-derived lipid mediators, SPMs on migraine pathophysiology and progression. This review highlights their potential in modulating brain functions, such as neuroimmunological effects, and suggests their promise as candidates for effective migraine prophylaxis.

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“…Higher ƩMUFA and Ʃ PUFA values were recorded in both fish species caught at the VRO site. The main reason for the changes in PUFAs is that they could be oxidized under oxidative stress conditions induced by metals or other compounds [45,46]. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are susceptible to oxidation because oxygen acts on double bonds to form lipoperoxides, which generate ROS and eventually induce oxidative stress [47].…”

Section: Correlation Of Metals Concentrations With Fatty Acids Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content of Fatty Acids in Relation to the Metal Concentration in the Muscle of Two Freshwater Fish Species

Jovičić,

Djikanović,

Santrač

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In this study, the concentrations of metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were deter-mined in two freshwater fish species. The same fish were also used to determine the content of fatty acids (FA), including saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We investigated the species-specific relationship between bioaccumulation of metals and the content of FA. Roach and white bream were caught at two different sites in the Serbian part of the Danube. The measured metal concentrations were below the standard concentrations recommended in the guidelines of the EU and the Republic of Ser-bia. Among the non-essential metals, Ni had the highest concentration, ranging from 0.158 to 0.591 µg g-1. The muscle of the two fish species contained high concentrations of SFA, ranging from 36.31 to 51.79%, and MUFA, ranging from 33.56 to 43.70%. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were represented with the lowest percentage (5.32 - 27.18). Four of the nine metals studied (As, Hg, Ni and Pb) in one fish species and five of the nine metals studied (A, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the other fish species showed correlations with fatty acid content. These results help to reveal potential biomarkers of metal stress in lipid composition.

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Functional roles and novel tools for improving‐oxidative stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids: A comprehensive review

Cited by 10 publications

References 108 publications

Effects of Trace Elements on the Fatty Acid Composition in Danubian Fish Species

Effects of Trace Elements on the Fatty Acid Composition in Danubian Fish Species

Neuroimmunological effects of omega-3 fatty acids on migraine: a review

Content of Fatty Acids in Relation to the Metal Concentration in the Muscle of Two Freshwater Fish Species

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