Functional Response ofColeomegilla maculata(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to Colorado Potato Beetle Eggs (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Munyaneza, Joseph E.; Obrycki, John J.

doi:10.1006/bcon.1997.0509

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our interpretation of the type III functional response, therefore, raises the issue of the significance of functional responses observed under laboratory conditions, which may differ from those conducted in the field (Munyaneza & Obrycki, 1997). In general, a type III functional response is less common than a type II in laboratory studies (van Lenteren & Bakker, 1978; Hofsvang & Hagvar, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Laboratory studies conducted prior to field releases of biocontrol agents can help detect phenotypic differences among strains and identify the most promising candidate (Hassan, 1994; Tabone et al., 1999). Determining functional responses in the laboratory can assist in strain selection (Munyaneza & Obrycki, 1997). The St Benoît T. chilonis strain had the shortest handling time and was, therefore, able to parasitize more host eggs in 24 h. Because inundative releases of parasitoids should have an immediate effect in the field, the efficacy of Trichogramma spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional response ofTrichogramma chilonistoGalleria mellonellaandChilo sacchariphaguseggs

Reay‐Jones

Rochat

Goebel

et al. 2006

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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A biological control programme using inundative releases of Trichogramma chilonis Ischii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) reared on Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is currently underway to reduce infestations of Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in sugarcane, Saccharum spp., on Réunion Island. To assess the potential of the parasitoid as an inundative biocontrol agent, the functional response of three T. chilonis strains was tested with G. mellonella and one strain with C. sacchariphagus host eggs in glass tubes in the laboratory. The shape of the functional response (type II or III) was determined using logistic regression, and attack coefficients and handling times (Th) were determined using non‐linear least‐square regression. The behaviour of all three strains with G. mellonella host eggs corresponded to a type III response. The St Benoît T. chilonis strain had a significantly shorter estimate of Th than the St Pierre strain (P<0.05) and may, therefore, be more appropriate as a biocontrol agent. The functional response with C. sacchariphagus host eggs was a type II with the St Benoît T. chilonis strain. More T. chilonis wasps developed per host egg from the larger C. sacchariphagus host eggs (2.9) relative to G. mellonella (1.1). Superparasitism at low host egg densities was, therefore, likely to have been less frequent with C. sacchariphagus. Black eggs were chosen as an estimate of number of eggs parasitized, although they represent the number of eggs where parasitism led to complete pupal development. The low rate of detected parasitism at low host densities with G. mellonella eggs may be due to incomplete pupal development due to superparasitism rather than lack of parasitism, thus explaining the type III functional response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional response ofTrichogramma chilonistoGalleria mellonellaandChilo sacchariphaguseggs

Reay‐Jones

Rochat

Goebel

et al. 2006

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Besides the experimental impracticability of the extremely high numbers of springtails per treatment, this would also have by far exceeded the densities of natural springtail populations (biomasses of ~0.6 g per m 2 corresponding to ~4,000 individuals per m 2 ; calculations based on dry-weight data from Schaefer 1990 multiplied by water-fraction factor four from Peters 1983). In conclusion, we have decided to keep the springtail densities of our experiment within the range of natural densities while addressing the consequences of natural habitat structures on consumption rates, which avoids the fallacies imposed by oversimplified laboratory conditions (Munyaneza and Obrycki 1997; Vucic-Pestic et al 2010a). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are only a limited number of studies focussing on the effects of habitat complexity on the functional response of terrestrial predators (Kaiser 1983; Munyaneza and Obrycki 1997; Pitt and Ritchie 2002; Hoddle 2003; Hohberg and Traunspurger 2005; Hauzy et al 2010; Vucic-Pestic et al 2010a). While some of these studies focussed on the fractal complexity of an artificially structured habitat (Kaiser 1983; Pitt and Ritchie 2002; Hoddle 2003) and others made qualitative comparisons of with-structure- versus non-structure-treatments (Hohberg and Traunspurger 2005; Vucic-Pestic et al 2010a), there is only one study to our knowledge with a qualitative comparison between a simplified, unstructured laboratory setting and field conditions (Munyaneza and Obrycki 1997). This study indicated reduced capture rates of terrestrial arthropod predators by a factor of roughly two under greenhouse and field conditions compared to the experimental setting with controlled conditions in the laboratory experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat structure alters top-down control in litter communities

2012

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The question whether top-down or bottom-up forces dominate trophic relationships, energy flow, and abundances within food webs has fuelled much ecological research with particular focus on soil litter ecosystems. Because litter simultaneously provides habitat structure and a basal resource, disentangling direct trophic and indirect non-trophic effects on different trophic levels remains challenging. Here, we focussed on short-term per capita interaction strengths of generalist predators (centipedes) on their microbi-detritivore prey (springtails) and addressed how the habitat structuring effects of the leaf litter modifies this interaction. We performed a series of laboratory functional response experiments where four levels of habitat structure were constructed by adding different amounts of leaf litter to the experimental arenas. We found that increased leaf litter reduced the consumption rate of the predator. We interpreted this as a dilution effect of the augmented habitat size provided by the increasing leaf litter surface available to the species. Dilution of the prey population decreased encounter rates, whereas the capture success was not affected. Interestingly, our results imply that top-down control by centipedes decreased with increasing resource supply for the microbi-detritivore prey (i.e. the leaf litter that simultaneously provides habitat structure). Therefore, effective top-down control of predators on microbi-detritvore populations seems unlikely in litter-rich ecosystems due to the non-trophic, habitat-structuring effect of the basal litter resource.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2530-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The results of the effects of the insecticides on handling time showed that cypermethrin had the highest adverse effect on the host-finding of H. hebetor. It is recognized that the functional response derived from laboratory studies may bear little resemblance to those that may be measured in the field (Munyaneza and Obrycki 1997). Houck and Strauss (1985) pointed out, however, that laboratory functional response studies can be used to infer basic mechanisms underlying natural enemy-prey-host interactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Azadirachtin, Cypermethrin, Methoxyfenozide and Pyridalil on Functional Response of Habrobracon Hebetor Say (HYM.: Braconidae)

Abedi¹,

Saber²,

Gharekhani³

et al. 2012

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Abstract:Habrobracon hebetor Say is one of the most important natural enemies of the Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lep.: Noctuidae). In this study, the sublethal effects of LC 30 concentration of azadirachtin, cypermethrin, methoxyfenozide and pyridalil on the functional response of H. hebetor to different densities of 5th instars larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller were evaluated. Young females were exposed to LC 30 of the insecticides for an appropriate time of exposure. Then, six randomly selected alive females were transferred individually to plastic Petri dishes (10 cm in diameter) and supplied with the following densities: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 of 5th instars of E. kuehniella for 24 h. Eight replicates were considered for each insecticide treatment and the control. The results revealed a type II functional response in the control, and all of the insecticide treatments. This study showed that the control and the cypermethrin treatment had the shortest (0.4143 h) and longest (0.624 h) handling time, respectively. The highest (0.0035 per hour) and lowest (0.0029 per hour) attack rate was observed in pyridalil and cypermethrin treatments, respectively. Based on values of handling time, cypermethrin had the highest adverse effect on host-finding in H. hebetor.

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Functional Response ofColeomegilla maculata(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to Colorado Potato Beetle Eggs (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Cited by 39 publications

References 27 publications

Functional response ofTrichogramma chilonistoGalleria mellonellaandChilo sacchariphaguseggs

Functional response ofTrichogramma chilonistoGalleria mellonellaandChilo sacchariphaguseggs

Habitat structure alters top-down control in litter communities

Effects of Azadirachtin, Cypermethrin, Methoxyfenozide and Pyridalil on Functional Response of Habrobracon Hebetor Say (HYM.: Braconidae)

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