Functional Residual Capacity and Airway Resistance of the Rat Measured with a Heat- and Temperature-Adjusted Body Plethysmograph

Tajiri, Sakurako; Kondo, Tetsuri; Yamabayashi, Hajime

doi:10.2170/physiolsci.rp004506

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The experiment-specific tidal volume and breathing rate are those discussed above derived from measured data, the MPPD defaults are, respectively, 2.1 mL and 102 min ¡1 . The FRC of Wistar rats has been measured and reported in a number of papers (Tazaki et al 2006;Tajiri et al 2006;Filho et al 2014). The most relevant study is that of Filho et al (2014), which measured body weight and lung volumes and capacities of over 240 Wistar rats from 2 to 24 months.…”

Section: Deposition Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-dependent deposition of inhaled nanoparticles in the rat respiratory tract using a new nose-only exposure system

Buckley

Hodgson

Warren

et al. 2015

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Concerns about the potential health effects of exposure to nanomaterials have led to a growing number of in vivo inhalation toxicity studies using nanoparticle aerosols. Estimates of aerosol deposition within the respiratory tract are important for these studies to enable: (a) the interpretation of the results, in particular, the evaluation of dose-response relationships; (b) comparison with the results of other related studies; and (c) the extrapolation of results from animal models to human. Unfortunately, only a limited number of studies have been undertaken to investigate respiratory tract deposition efficiencies for nano-sized aerosol particles. This is of particular importance as deposition efficiencies are predicted to vary significantly over the nanosize range for some elements of the respiratory tract. In this study, female Wistar-Kyoto rats were exposed in a new design nose-only inhalation exposure system to spark generated radioactive iridium-192 nanoparticle aerosols of four particle sizes chosen to cover the majority of the nano-size range (nominal sizes: 10, 15, 35, and 75 nm). The content of iridium-192 in the lung, head, gastrointestinal tract, and various other organs and tissues was measured. Aerosol deposition efficiencies in the whole respiratory tract and components (head airways, lung, alveolar region, and tracheobronchial region) were estimated and compared with the predictions of the Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model (v2.11). The experimentally derived deposition efficiencies were broadly consistent with, but typically higher than, model predictions and the results of comparable studies in the literature. EDITORWarren H. Finlay

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Section: Deposition Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-dependent deposition of inhaled nanoparticles in the rat respiratory tract using a new nose-only exposure system

Buckley

Hodgson

Warren

et al. 2015

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Our previous BPG [6,7] was a sealed box with a capacity of 1,950 ml. Approximately 1,800 ml of water circulated around the box, and the water was warmed or cooled by electronic elements with 240 W power.…”

Section: Precision Of the Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently reported the applicability of the body plethysmograph (BPG) for estimation of obstructive changes in small animals [6], permitting the simultaneous measurement of airway resistance (R aw ) and lung volume [6,7]. Transiently maintaining gases in the BPG at BTPS (body temperature, atmospheric pressure and water vapor saturated), we measured R aw in rats without requiring any special maneuver or assumptions [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transiently maintaining gases in the BPG at BTPS (body temperature, atmospheric pressure and water vapor saturated), we measured R aw in rats without requiring any special maneuver or assumptions [6]. In that study, we observed dose-related increases in R aw during methacholine (Mch) inhalation with no significant change in FRC [6], contrary to clinical studies, in which lung volume is reported to be increased during acute bronchoconstriction [1,8]. Since, with our apparatus, it took 8 to 10 minutes before reaching a BTPS steady state, the bronchoconstrictive effect of Mch might have partially dissipated in this interval.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosolized methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction and pulmonary hyperinflation in rats

et al. 2009

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The body plethysmography (BPG) is a useful tool for analyzing pulmonary function in small animals because it simultaneously measures airway resistance (R (aw)) and functional residual capacity (FRC). We previously described a BPG with the enclosed environment maintained at body temperature and water vapor-saturated. We found dose-dependent increases in R (aw) in response to inhaled methacholine (Mch) with no apparent increase in FRC in intratracheally intubated rats without paralysis. To resolve this apparent inconsistency in clinical observations, we repeated the study using a newly developed BPG that allowed us to shorten the interval between Mch-inhalation and measurements by about two-thirds. Using Mch concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/ml each for 2 min, both parameters increased in a dose-dependent fashion with FRC (mean +/- SE) values of 3.77 +/- 0.16, 4.43 +/- 0.26, 4.75 +/- 0.34, 5.02 +/- 0.49 and 5.34 +/- 0.38 ml and R (aw) values of 18.6 +/- 3.9, 21.6 +/- 4.9, 35.0 +/- 6.9, 49.0 +/- 8.8 and 65.7 +/- 8.8 ml/s/Pa, respectively. Immediate measurement after Mch-inhalation demonstrated profound bronchoconstriction associated with dose-dependent increases in FRC.

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A review and reappraisal of the specific gravities of present and past multicellular organisms, with an emphasis on tetrapods

Larramendi¹,

Paul

Hsu³

2020

The Anatomical Record

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The density, or specific gravity (SG), of organisms has numerous important implications for their form, function, ecology, and other facets of beings living and dead, and it is especially necessary to apply SG values that are as accurate as practical when estimating their masses which is itself a critical aspect of living things. Yet a comprehensive review and analysis of this notable subject of anatomy has never been conducted and published. This is such an effort, being as extensive as possible with the data on hand, bolstered by some additional observations, and new work focusing on extinct animals who densities are least unknown: pterosaurs and dinosaurs with extensive pneumatic complexes, including the most sophisticated effort to date for a sauropod. Often difficult to determine even via direct observation, techniques for obtaining the best possible SG data are explained and utilized, including observations of floating animals. Neutral specific gravity (NSG) is proposed as the most important value for tetrapods with respiratory tracts of fluctuating volume. SGs of organisms range from 0.08 to 2.6, plant tissues from 0.08 to 1.39, and vertebrates from about 0.75 (some giant pterosaurs) to 1.2 (those with heavy armor and/or skeletons). Tetrapod NSGs tend to be somewhat higher than widely thought, especially those theropod and sauropod dinosaurs and pterosaurs with air‐sacs because respiratory system volume is usually measured at maximum inhalation in birds. Also discussed is evidence that the ratio of the mass of skeletons relative to total body mass has not been properly assayed in the past.

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Functional Residual Capacity and Airway Resistance of the Rat Measured with a Heat- and Temperature-Adjusted Body Plethysmograph

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Size-dependent deposition of inhaled nanoparticles in the rat respiratory tract using a new nose-only exposure system

Size-dependent deposition of inhaled nanoparticles in the rat respiratory tract using a new nose-only exposure system

Aerosolized methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction and pulmonary hyperinflation in rats

A review and reappraisal of the specific gravities of present and past multicellular organisms, with an emphasis on tetrapods

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