Functional reorganization of the reading network in the course of foreign language acquisition

Kuper, Clara; Matuszewski, Jacek; Banaszkiewicz, Anna; Bola, Łukasz; Szczepanik, Michał; Draps, Małgorzata; Kordos, Przemysław; Szwed, Marcin; Jednoróg, Katarzyna; Marchewka, Artur

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117544

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The trainees' increased connectivity and flexibility related to the 24 weeks of piano training returned to baseline at 12 weeks after the cessation of training (Li et al, 2019(Li et al, , 2018 suggesting that any training-induced alterations are quickly lost if the skills are not used. Although there are no other studies on musical training which included a follow-up period, recent studies on tactile reading (Matuszewski et al, 2021), second language acquisition (Kuper et al, 2021) and sign language learning (Banaszkiewicz et al, 2021) also show a decrease in myelination, but not necessarily in gray matter volume or brain activation, after the cessation of trainings.…”

Section: Mri Neuroimaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Musical Training Shapes the Adult Brain: Predispositions and Neuroplasticity

et al. 2021

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Learning to play a musical instrument is a complex task that integrates multiple sensory modalities and higher-order cognitive functions. Therefore, musical training is considered a useful framework for the research on training-induced neuroplasticity. However, the classical nature-or-nurture question remains, whether the differences observed between musicians and non-musicians are due to predispositions or result from the training itself. Here we present a review of recent publications with strong focus on experimental designs to better understand both brain reorganization and the neuronal markers of predispositions when learning to play a musical instrument. Cross-sectional studies identified structural and functional differences between the brains of musicians and non-musicians, especially in regions related to motor control and auditory processing. A few longitudinal studies showed functional changes related to training while listening to and producing music, in the motor network and its connectivity with the auditory system, in line with the outcomes of cross-sectional studies. Parallel changes within the motor system and between the motor and auditory systems were revealed for structural connectivity. In addition, potential predictors of musical learning success were found including increased brain activation in the auditory and motor systems during listening, the microstructure of the arcuate fasciculus, and the functional connectivity between the auditory and the motor systems. We show that “the musical brain” is a product of both the natural human neurodiversity and the training practice.

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Section: Mri Neuroimaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Musical Training Shapes the Adult Brain: Predispositions and Neuroplasticity

et al. 2021

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to standardize a protocol for language mapping in Greek, while at the same time, this protocol is able to reliably activate a language system wider than the Wernicke–Lichtheim–Geschwind model. Apart from the Greek native speakers, this may prove important for Greek bilingual speakers in other countries undertaking neurosurgery, as many studies suggest that language areas near tumors activate more reliably in the native language when compared to the later acquired languages (Kuper et al., 2021 ; Leung et al., 2020 ; Protopapas et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of presurgical language fMRI in Greek population: Mapping of six critical regions

et al. 2022

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Background Mapping the language system has been crucial in presurgical evaluation especially when the area to be resected is near relevant eloquent cortex. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) proved to be a noninvasive alternative of Wada test that can account not only for language lateralization but also for localization when appropriate tasks and MRI sequences are being used. The tasks utilized during the fMRI acquisition are playing a crucial role as to which areas will be activated. Recent studies demonstrated that key language regions exist outside the classical model of “Wernicke–Lichtheim–Geschwind,” but sensitive tasks must take place in order to be revealed. On top of that, the tasks should be in mother tongue for appropriate language mapping to be possible. Methods For that reason, in this study, we adopted an English protocol that can reveal six language critical regions even in clinical setups and we translated it into Greek to prove its efficacy in Greek population. Twenty healthy right‐handed volunteers were recruited and performed the fMRI acquisition in a standardized manner. Results Results demonstrated that all six language critical regions were activated in all subjects as well as the group mean map. Furthermore, activations were found in the thalamus, the caudate, and the contralateral cerebellum. Conclusion In this study, we standardized an fMRI protocol in Greek and proved that it can reliably activate six language critical regions. We have validated its efficacy for presurgical language mapping in Greek patients capable to be adopted in clinical setup.

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“…In addition, more successful learners showed greater IFG activation in functional networks ( Turkeltaub et al, 2003 ; Jones et al, 2012 ; Yang et al, 2015 ); and better Chinese learning was correlated with increasing activation in the left IFG ( Deng et al, 2011 ). As to the learning time effect, a longitudinal fMRI study ( Kuper et al, 2021 ) tracked functional changes in the reading network of beginning learners of Greek over 1 year and found the interaction between language and learning time in a semantic decision task involved brain regions including the left IFG whose peak coordinates (–42, 6, 28) were close to ours (–45, 6, 26), and FG whose peak coordinates (–48, –60, –10) laid close to ours (–39, –70, –16). In our study, GMV in visual areas across the two groups was sensitive to the Chinese characters’ reading accuracy instead of Chinese learning time while GMV in the left IFG in the learned group was sensitive to Chinese learning time instead of other individual differences in behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Gray Matter Volume Induced by Chinese Language Acquisition in Adult Alphabetic Language Speakers

Zhou

Omata

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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It is interesting to explore the effects of second language (L2) acquisition on anatomical change in brain at different stages for the neural structural adaptations are dynamic. Short-term Chinese training effects on brain anatomical structures in alphabetic language speakers have been already studied. However, little is known about the adaptations of the gray matter induced by acquiring Chinese language for a relatively long learning period in adult alphabetic language speakers. To explore this issue, we recruited 38 Indian overseas students in China as our subjects. The learned group included 17 participants who had learned Mandarin Chinese for an average of 3.24 years and achieved intermediate Chinese language proficiency. The control group included 21 subjects who had no knowledge about Chinese. None of the participants had any experience in learning logographic and tonal language before Chinese learning. We found that (1) the learned group had significantly greater gray matter volume (GMV) in the left lingual gyrus (LG) compared with the control group; (2) the Chinese characters’ reading accuracy was significantly and positively correlated to the GMV in the left LG and fusiform gyrus (FG) across the two groups; and (3) in the learned group, the duration of Chinese learning was significantly and positively correlated with the GMV in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) after correction for multiple comparisons with small volume corrections. Our structural imaging findings are in line with the functional imaging studies reporting increased brain activation induced by Chinese acquisition in alphabetic language speakers. The regional gray matter changes reflected the additional requirements imposed by the more difficult processing of Chinese characters and tones. The present study also show that the biological bases of the adaptations induced by a relatively long period of Chinese learning were limited in the common areas for first and foreign language processing.

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Functional reorganization of the reading network in the course of foreign language acquisition

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

How Musical Training Shapes the Adult Brain: Predispositions and Neuroplasticity

How Musical Training Shapes the Adult Brain: Predispositions and Neuroplasticity

Standardization of presurgical language fMRI in Greek population: Mapping of six critical regions

Increased Gray Matter Volume Induced by Chinese Language Acquisition in Adult Alphabetic Language Speakers

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