Functional Recovery of Contused Spinal Cord in Rat with the Injection of Optimal‐Dosed Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

Kim, Jongwan; Mahapatra, Chinmaya; Hong, Jin-Young; Kim, Min Soo; Leong, Kam W.; Kim, Hae‐Won; Hyun, Jung Keun

doi:10.1002/advs.201700034

Cited by 106 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…In literature, a large number of articles described a reduction in ROS levels in several tissues or cells following exposure to CeO 2 NPs. Recently, scavenger action has been reported in cortical neurons in rats with spinal injuries [ 5 ], human keratinocytes [ 6 ], mice endothelial cells and fibroblasts [ 7 ], human breast and fibrosarcoma cells [ 8 ] and cardiac cells [ 9 ]. In contrast, many authors reported pro-oxidant effects especially in pulmonary cells [ 10 , 11 ] and DNA damage in liver cells and leucocytes [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exposure to CeO2 nanoparticles on ram spermatozoa during storage at 4 °C for 96 hours

Falchi

Galleri

Dore

et al. 2018

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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BackgroundCerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are able to store and release oxygen, conferring them scavenger activity against oxidative stress. However, their effects in reproductive systems are not yet well understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of exposure of refrigerated ram semen to CeO2 NPs for 96 h on the main structural and kinematic parameters of spermatozoa.MethodsThe ejaculates of 5 Sarda rams were collected, pooled and diluted in a soybean lecithin extender. Samples were exposed to increasing doses of CeO2 NPs (0, 44 and 220 μg/mL) and stored at 4 °C for 96 h. Analyses of kinematic parameters (computer assisted sperm analysis, CASA), integrity of membranes (PI/PSA staining), ROS production (H2DCFDA staining) and DNA damage (sperm chromatin structure assay with acridine orange, SCSA) were performed every 24 h (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation). The experiment was carried out in 6 replicates. Data were analysed by repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni’s as post hoc test. When the assumption of normality was not met (ROS), non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis rank test was carried out.ResultsExposure of ram spermatozoa to increasing doses of CeO2 NPs had a beneficial effect on the main motility parameters from 48 h of incubation onward. Velocity of sperm cells was enhanced in the groups exposed to CeO2 NPs compared to the control. Incubation with NPs had beneficial effects on the integrity of plasma membranes of spermatozoa, with higher percentage of damaged cells in the control group compared to the exposed ones. Production of ROS was not affected by exposure to NPs and its levels rose at 96 h of incubation. The integrity of DNA remained stable throughout the 96 h of storage regardless of co-incubation with NPs.ConclusionsWe reported beneficial effects of CeO2 NPs on kinematic and morphologic parameters of ram semen, such as motility and membrane integrity following 96 h of exposure. Furthermore, we also proved no genotoxic effects of CeO2 NPs. These effects could not be related to an antioxidant activity of CeO2 NPs, since ROS levels in exposed cells were similar to those of unexposed ones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exposure to CeO2 nanoparticles on ram spermatozoa during storage at 4 °C for 96 hours

Falchi

Galleri

Dore

et al. 2018

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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“…H&E staining was performed on the lesion epicenter to examine the general morphology of the spinal cord at 12 weeks after injury, and three sagittal sections containing a lesion cavity and four cases per group were evaluated for quantitative analysis. The size of the lesion cavity was manually outlined for each section under confocal microscopy and analyzed using Image J software (1.37 v, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) as our previous studies [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Ameliorates Spinal Cord Injury by Changing DNA Methylation

Davaa

Hong

Kim

et al. 2021

Cells

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Exercise training is a traditional method to maximize remaining function in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), but the exact mechanism by which exercise promotes recovery after SCI has not been identified; whether exercise truly has a beneficial effect on SCI also remains unclear. Previously, we showed that epigenetic changes in the brain motor cortex occur after SCI and that a treatment leading to epigenetic modulation effectively promotes functional recovery after SCI. We aimed to determine how exercise induces functional improvement in rats subjected to SCI and whether epigenetic changes are engaged in the effects of exercise. A spinal cord contusion model was established in rats, which were then subjected to treadmill exercise for 12 weeks. We found that the size of the lesion cavity and the number of macrophages were decreased more in the exercise group than in the control group after 12 weeks of injury. Immunofluorescence and DNA dot blot analysis revealed that levels of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in the brain motor cortex were increased after exercise. Accordingly, the expression of ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family members (Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3) in the brain motor cortex also elevated. However, no macrophage polarization was induced by exercise. Locomotor function, including Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) and ladder scores, also improved in the exercise group compared to the control group. We concluded that treadmill exercise facilitates functional recovery in rats with SCI, and mechanistically epigenetic changes in the brain motor cortex may contribute to exercise-induced improvements.

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“…It has been well-documented that a spinal cord injury can aggravate the secondary injury, leading to a permanent, stable, functional impairment because of producing extra ROS in the damaged site. Nanoceria, due to its strong ROS scavenging effects, was selected as a suitable candidate to suppress inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) generation and enhance the viability of H 2 O 2 -insulted cortical neurons [ 120 ]. CNPs at a dosage of 50-4000 μg/mL were administered to recovering contused spinal cord in rats, and the wound-healing progression was monitored during eight weeks post-injury.…”

Section: Nanoceria For Soft-tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria): Hopes in Soft Tissue Engineering

et al. 2020

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Several biocompatible materials have been applied for managing soft tissue lesions; cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs, or nanoceria) are among the most promising candidates due to their outstanding properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic activities. Much attention should be paid to the physical properties of nanoceria, since most of its biological characteristics are directly determined by some of these relevant parameters, including the particle size and shape. Nanoceria, either in bare or functionalized forms, showed the excellent capability of accelerating the healing process of both acute and chronic wounds. The skin, heart, nervous system, and ophthalmic tissues are the main targets of nanoceria-based therapies, and the other soft tissues may also be evaluated in upcoming experimental studies. For the repair and regeneration of soft tissue damage and defects, nanoceria-incorporated film, hydrogel, and nanofibrous scaffolds have been proven to be highly suitable replacements with satisfactory outcomes. Still, some concerns have remained regarding the long-term effects of nanoceria administration for human tissues and organs, such as its clearance from the vital organs. Moreover, looking at the future, it seems necessary to design and develop three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds containing nanoceria for possible use in the concepts of personalized medicine.

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Functional Recovery of Contused Spinal Cord in Rat with the Injection of Optimal‐Dosed Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

Cited by 106 publications

References 56 publications

Effect of exposure to CeO2 nanoparticles on ram spermatozoa during storage at 4 °C for 96 hours

Effect of exposure to CeO2 nanoparticles on ram spermatozoa during storage at 4 °C for 96 hours

Exercise Ameliorates Spinal Cord Injury by Changing DNA Methylation

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria): Hopes in Soft Tissue Engineering

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