Functional Reconstruction of the Hippocampus: Fetal Versus Conditionally Immortal Neuroepithelial Stem Cell Grafts

Neurogenesis and Inflammation after Ischemic Stroke: What is Known and Where We Go from Here

“…Transplantation of stem cells has been attempted in rodent models of disease [103][104][105] with some degree of success, showing benefit to the animals receiving stem cell transplantation. In both rodents and primates with damage to the hippocampus, functional recovery was seen after transplantation of both fetal and immortalized neuroepithelial stem cells.…”

“…Current therapies involving regenerative strategies have mostly involved two separate ideas: (1) the ability to repopulate infarcted tissue via transplantation of stem cells and (2) utilizing endogenous progenitor cells to repopulate the damaged brain. Transplantation of stem cells has been attempted in rodent models of disease [103][104][105] with some degree of success, showing benefit to the animals receiving stem cell transplantation. In both rodents and primates with damage to the hippocampus, functional recovery was seen after transplantation of both fetal and immortalized neuroepithelial stem cells.…”

“…In both rodents and primates with damage to the hippocampus, functional recovery was seen after transplantation of both fetal and immortalized neuroepithelial stem cells. 103 In addition, when compared with young animals, aged animals (which naturally experience decreased endogenous neurogenesis) demonstrated increased performance on hippocampus-based memory tasks after transplantation of immortalized neuroepithelial stem cells. 104 Furthermore, human NSCs injected into aged rat brains successfully integrated into brain parenchyma and increased performance on hippocampus-based memory tasks.…”

Making Stem Cell Lines Suitable for Transplantation

“…The precise alignment of MHP36 cells within regions of hippocampal damage, together with their eral or bilateral, and whether grafts were given 6 weeks or 6 months after lesioning (24). Similarly, spatial learn-CA1-like firing pattern in response to electrophysiological stimulation of the host perforant path, and pheno-ing deficits in rats with selective loss of hippocampal (mainly CA1) cells induced by 4VO were reduced in typic resemblance to CA1 pyramidal cells has suggested that with this discrete lesion, stem cells act to repair the rats with MHP36 grafts, and improvement was more marked than in rats receiving the similar ts cells from damaged circuit (28,81). In contrast, damage produced by MCAO is extensive and indiscriminate, and grafted the MHP15 line (85).…”

“…Because clonal lines or expanded populations can be derived material, limited time frames for screening donors and cells, and the tendency of grafted cells to remain from relatively few stem cells, ethical and practical concerns that encumber primary cell grafts are reduced. One clumped around the site of implantation, rather than in-of the most striking features of stem cells is their ability be further along the route to differentiation than ES cells, and are sometimes described as precursor or pro-to migrate to sites of damage into the host brain, and to integrate seamlessly into host structures, so that they do genitor cells, but they are multipotential (capable of differentiating into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendro-not exhibit graft masses shown by primary cell transplants (28,29). These advantages have encouraged the cytes in vitro and in vivo) and express the stem cell marker nestin (49,91).…”