Functional properties of Australian blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) protein and biological activities of protein hydrolysates

Abstract

Lupin is an undervalued legume despite its high protein content with known health benefits. In this research, Australian blue lupin protein was isolated and hydrolysed enzymatically to produce bioactive peptides with a view to assess their potential for nutraceutical and therapeutic applications. Pepsin, pancreatin and flavourzyme were used to enzymatically hydrolyse blue lupin protein, and the hydrolysates were subjected to molecular weight cut‐off (MWCO) fractionation. Measurement of biological activities led to the identification of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory fractions in the molecular weight range of 2–3 and 3–5 kDa. For the most active fractions in this range, the ACE inhibitory activities were very significant with IC50 values from 450 to 600 μg/ml. Blue lupin protein‐derived MWCO fractions were significantly active against Gram‐positive bacteria and only a little inhibition was observed against Gram‐negative bacteria. Pancreatin hydrolysed fractions showed the best antimicrobial activities with several fractions exhibiting ≥85% inhibition against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. These properties reveal the potential of lupin protein hydrolysates for developing antihypertensive and host defence agents. In order to demonstrate the potential of isolated blue lupin protein in food industry, functional properties including water and oil absorption capacity, gelling properties, solubility and emulsifying properties were evaluated and found to be extremely suitable for developing functional foods with enhanced health benefits.

Influence of ultrasonic pretreatment on structural properties and biological activities of lupin protein hydrolysate

“…This is attributable to its high protein content (33.9–43.4%), which compares well with that of soya bean. Recent studies showed that lupin protein also possesses inherent biological activities such as antioxidant, antihypertensive and antimicrobial properties (Guo et al ., 2018; Kamran et al ., 2021). Therefore, further exploration and exploitation of lupin's functionality and bioactivities will promote it to be an ingredient of choice for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.…”

Lupin-Derived Bioactive Peptides: Intestinal Transport, Bioavailability and Health Benefits

“…In a recent investigation, Australian researchers observed that LMW fractions of LPHs (2–5 kDa) inhibited ACE activity (IC 50 values of 450 to 600 μg/mL) [ 33 ]. In addition, LTFPGSAED with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties were tested for ACE-inhibitory activities in both intestinal Caco-2 and renal HK-2 cells.…”

“…Due to the high protein content of lupin seeds (31–52%) [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], proteins derived from lupin seeds are gaining attention as source of bioactive peptides. Several lines of evidence highlight the biological activities of lupin protein hydrolysates (LPHs) and peptides (LDPs) including hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The health-promoting effects of lupin proteins and hydrolysates consumptions have been tested in human clinical trials.…”

“…The health-promoting effects of lupin proteins and hydrolysates consumptions have been tested in human clinical trials. Lupin protein-enriched diet such as bread, biscuits, and pasta interestingly suppressed the lipid profile and blood pressure in both normal and hypertensive human subjects [ 5 , 8 , 33 , 36 , 37 ]. Similarly, lupin-based diets improved glycemic control in diabetic and normal human subjects [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

In-Silico Analysis and Antidiabetic Effect of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Peptides from Lupin Protein Hydrolysate: Enzyme-Peptide Interaction Study Using Molecular Docking Approach

“…It has a very high protein content (33.9–43.4%) and less competition for direct consumption like soybean. Enzymatic hydrolysis of lupin proteins has been reported to yield hydrolysates with antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities [ 8 , 9 ]. In addition, the application of novel technologies, including the application of ultrasound to the proteins prior to enzymolysis, have been reported to yield hydrolysates with improved biological activities, owing largely to alterations of protein structure and causing the release of more peptides with better bioactivity.…”