Functional potential of Aloe vera juice against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in animal model

Abstract

The present study was designed to evaluate functional potential of Aloe vera juice against (CCl 4 induced) hepatotoxicity using animal model. Biochemical analyses including liver, renal enzymes, bone biomarkers and lipid profile were conducted after 4 weeks of oral Aloe vera juice administration. Liver enzymes, AST, ALP and total bilirubin were reduced up to 15-7%, 60-32.52% and 29-48%, respectively in Aloe vera juice treated rats i.e., 10 mL/kg and 20 mL/kg doses. Reduction in serum cholesterol (8%), LDL (12%) and triglycerides (15%) were observed. Urea was significantly reduced up to 11% which further reduced up to 30% at higher dose. Increased content of serum proteins (23-50%) and albumin (40-116%) were found at the different doses. Vitamin D was found maximum in G 4 i.e., 38.63 mg/dL as compared to lowest i.e., 5.12 mg/dL in G 2 , similarly improvement in calcium i.e., 11-22% was observed in G 3 and G 4 . The serum oxidative stress markers indicated raised superoxide dismutase (9%), glutathione (15%), catalase (9%) and reduced lipid peroxidation 78% at higher concentration of Aloe vera juice consumption. In addition, histological evaluation also depicted positive impact on hepatic and renal portfolio in all treated rats. All of the findings enlighten the potential of Aloe vera juice as a functional beverage.

Aqueous Extract of Aloe Vera Ameliorates Ethanol-Induced Liver Damage and Oxidative Stress in Balb/C Mice

“…Serum albumin is produced in the liver and it is the most abundant blood plasma protein which plays a key role in the transport of hormones, anaesthetics, endogenous ligands and free fatty acid [1,27]. In the current study, AA also signi cantly increased serum albumin concentration in the treated groups.The results of this investigation is in line with the nding of Cui et al [12], Akintola et al [1], Ahmad et al [9], who reported that administration of Aloe vera juice found to be effective in reducing liver enzymes and elevating serum albumin concentration in toxicity induced groups. These restorative effects of AA on the speci c activities of these tissue damage marker enzymes might be due to its hepato-renoprotective activities as reported by Nahal [10 ], Akinloye [ 1], Cui et al [12], Hussein et al [16], Al-Shinnawy [25], Saito [11] which enable it to protect the liver tissue in alcohol induced damage.…”

“…The liver is an important organ which plays many important roles including bile production for fat metabolism, blood ltering, execution of immunological functions, supporting blood clots, absorption and metabolism of bilirubin, storing vitamins and minerals, and synthesis of many hormones [22,23], in physiological processes including bile secretion, metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, balancing metabolism, detoxi cation sna synthesis of blood clotting factors, proteins and biochemicals [11,24]. Excessive alcohol consumption damages these organs, and may lead to alterations in their metabolic functions hence, hepatoprotective substances are important [9,10]. Aloe vera gel extract in the current study has been demonstrated to show a potential protective effect against acute alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity.…”

“…A correlation between excessive alcohol intake, abuse and the manufacture of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), decrease in cellular antioxidant defenses, inbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and oxidative damages to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and cell nucleic acids has been shown by several researchers [6,7]. Conversely, research has proven that several natural products including Aloe vera (AA) are able to reduce oxidative stress [2].The ongoing investigations in determining the therapeutic potentials of medicinal plants against alcohol induced toxicity has been an evolving and promising area of research [8,9,10] Aloe barbadensis Miller (Family Liliaceae) was selected for the current study based on its phytomedical properties which have been studied by several researchers as several studies have been conducted to show the pharmacological evidence and the support of the traditional folklore medicinal usage of Aloe vera (AA) in the treatment of different toxicant induced tissue damages [11,12] The leaf gel extract and/or the extracted juice has been shown to possess: antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, laxative, antimicrobial, wound healing, anti-in ammatory properties [2,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Most of medicinal properties of AA lies in the gel which is a clear gel or mucilaginous substances produced by parenchymal cells of the leaves and located in the central region of the leaf.…”

Evaluation of the toxicity potential of Aloe vera (Aloe vera barbadensis) consumption on the liver and the kidney

“…Zodape and Bhise reported that after 30 days of Aloe vera administration, there was a partial restoration of liver function after isoniazid-rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity [20]. In a research carried out by Ahmad et al to determine the functional potential of Aloe vera on CCl4 induced hepatotoxity in Albino rats, he discovered that there was a decrease in liver enzymes, renal biomarkers especially urea and creatinine and overall improvement of the renal and hepatic tissues after treatment with Aloe vera juice for 30 days [21]. A cohort study by Roger Williams et al posited that the consumption of 57 mL of Aloe Vera juice for 60 days by healthy subjects did not show any detectable hepatotoxicity [22].…”

Extracts from sojae semen germinatum ameliorated carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice

“…Among the current animal models of liver injury, the carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced hepatic damage has been demonstrated to properly represent the pathological features of "dampness-heat" syndrome in TCM, thus this model has been usually used in the experimental evaluation of potential therapeutic potentials of Chinese herbal medicines with heat-clearing, dampness-removing, and detoxifying properties (Xie et al, 2021;Cao et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2021). In the modern experimental research, the CCl 4 -induced liver injury model has been well-accepted to share similar pathomechanisms, such as inflammatory damage, oxidative stress, and hepatocyte apoptosis, with chemical liver injury in humans (Li et al, 2018;Ahmad et al, 2023). Our previous studies showed that the extracts from SSG exerted the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in the in vitro and in vivo osteoarthritis models (Wang et al, 2020;Fan et al, 2016).…”